Central Asia Tour, Middle East, POIs/Sights
About this map: www.zweiradlertouren.de/en/zat/faq/#route.
Tizian Römer and Belinda Benz from Zweiradlertouren (www.zweiradlertouren.de).

Abandoned Syrian Town
Gravel road (bad quality, 2 km) through an abandoned Syrian town that is slowly recaptured by nature. You can spot Rock Hyraxes in the crumbling ruins and green parrots in the gnarled trees. It's really gorgeous!
Note that on one side of the gravel road a road sign forbids you to enter because it is a "firing area". If you still enter from the south side, where no sign will try to keep you from doing so, better stay on the path in case there is some unexploded bombs munition.

Abu Dhabi: Abrahamic Family House
The Abrahamic Family House (Arabic: بيت العائلة الإبراهيمية) is an interfaith complex on Saadiyat Island in Abu Dhabi. The undertaking was inspired by the Document on Human Fraternity signed by Pope Francis on behalf of the Catholic Church and Ahmed El-Tayeb on behalf of the al-Azhar Mosque on Feb. 4, 2019 in Abu Dhabi. It houses the St. Francis Church, Imam Al-Tayeb Mosque and Moses Ben Maimon Synagogue in separate structures.
Taken from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abrahamic_Family_House.
For more see there.

Abu Dhabi: Corniche
The city's main avenue, it curves around the coastline along Abu Dhabi's spectacular waterfront that stretches for miles from the breakwater near Marina Shopping Mall almost up to the Mina Zayed port. The shoreline is lined with a walkway for the entire length, skyscrapers, lovely beaches, parks, and other landscaped areas. There are many activities like go-kart riding, playgrounds and even stages for shows. Come in the evening and you'll feel as if all of Abu Dhabi has come here for their evening walk.
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Abu_Dhabi.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corniche_(Abu_Dhabi).

Abu Dhabi: Emirates Palace
Even though it's a hotel, Emirates Palace is a very popular tourist attraction. Inside, you'll get to see all the luxury and glamour of one of the most expensive hotels in the world plus, you'll have some picture opportunities. Additionally, you can get to try the very popular Palace Cappuccino, sparkled with 23-karat gold flakes for 75 dirham.
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Abu_Dhabi.
Emirates Palace consists of 390 residences, including 92 suites and 22 residential suites.[8] The residences are spread over two wings as well as a primary central building. The majority of the suites are furnished in gold and marble. The main primary building houses an expensive marble floor and a large patterned dome above, picked out in gold. The penthouse floor has six Rulers' Suites which are reserved exclusively for dignitaries, such as royalty.[9]
The facilities include 2 spa facilities, over 40 meeting rooms, a 1.3 km long beach, a marina, 2 helicopter landing pads, a ballroom that accommodates up to 2500 people, various luxury shops and international restaurants.[8]
Taken from
For more see there.

Abu Dhabi: Falcon Hospital
M-Th 10AM and 2PM, F Su 10AM. Covered by TV and media outlets all over the world. Learn everything about falcons and the special meaning of those birds in the UAE. All tours have to be booked in advance.
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Abu_Dhabi.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abu_Dhabi_Falcon_Hospital.

Abu Dhabi: Khalifa Park
The best park by far, built at a cost of US$50 million. It has an aquarium, museum, train, play parks and formal gardens.

Abu Dhabi: Louvre Abu Dhabi
Sa Su Tu W 10AM-8PM, Th F 10AM-10PM, closed on Monday. Art and civilization museum exhibits artworks from Musée du Louvre and other French collections. Opened in November 2017, the largest art museum in Arabian peninsula with 24,000 square metres (260,000 sq ft), including 8,000 square metres (86,000 sq ft) of galleries. 60 dirham/person.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louvre_Abu_Dhabi.

Abu Dhabi: Qasr Al Hosn
The oldest stone building in Abu Dhabi, this small fort was first constructed in 1761 and served as the royal palace from the late 18th century until 1966. The site can be visited: the ticket allows you to visit the fort itself, the Cultural Foundation, the House of Artisans and enjoy the Bait Al Gahwa (traditional preparation of Arabic coffee). 30 dirham.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qasr_al-Hosn.

Abu Dhabi: Qasr Al Watan
11AM-7PM. Opened to the public in 2019, this is the presidential palace for diplomatic visits. As one would expect from UAE, the palace is very opulent and features great Islamic architecture. Inside you will find a banquet hall, a library, a museum containing diplomatic gifts and several dining outlets. 60 dirham.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qasr_Al_Watan.

Abu Dhabi: Sheikh Zayed Grand Mosque
Sa–Th 9AM-10PM. The 8th largest mosque in the world, boasts a total of 82 domes. On Fridays, it is closed to the public and open only for worshippers. You can get there by public bus #54. Make sure to ask the bus driver to tell you when you get there. The public bus stop is 100 m before the mosque and after that is no stop for the next 5 km. The Mosque Centre offers several free tours of the mosque every day. Times vary on a daily basis, so check their website. As it is a place for worshippers, dress conservatively. In particular, women must cover their head and ankles (if they're wearing sandals). Appropriate black dress is available at the mosque. You will avoid the queue for the clothing if you wear shoes, a long dress or trousers, and take a scarf to cover your head/hair. Clothing is also available for men, but will likely be unnecessary. Even when taking photos outside the mosque, women who are inappropriately dressed will be challenged by security. free.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sheikh_Zayed_Grand_Mosque.

Abu Dhabi: Yas Island
(Probably not very interesting for most bicycle travellers.)
It has a Formula 1 race track, Ferrari World (a Ferrari-themed park with the fastest roller coaster in the world), the Warner Bros. World theme park, the SeaWorld Abu Dhabi themepark, Yas Waterworld, a shopping mall and a hotel.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yas_Island.

Abu Gosh: Elvis American Cafe
See https://www.atlasobscura.com/places/elvis-american-diner.

Achsivland
We couldn't really recognize anything about this micronation anymore when we were there.
Apr-Sep 08:00-17:00, Oct-Mar 08:00-16:00. An idyllic, if sleepy, site on the coast. The secluded beach is known for its abundant sea life, including sea turtles during July and August when they come ashore to lay their eggs. North of the beach, the shore is lined with small rock formations which house a lot of sea life in their water-filled pools. You will see fishermen standing on the rocks, giving the illusion that they are standing on the water. Another sight is "Achzivland" - in the 70's Eli Avivi, an Israeli hipster, declared this piece of land next to the Achziv National Park an independent nation. Avivi's micro-nation has not been officially recognized by the Israeli government, but he will stamp your passport if you enter through the foreboding fence that surrounds this tiny bit of land. (Remember that proof of having been to Israel in your passport can cause unintended visa trouble with many Islamic countries.) Achzivland boasts its own private beach, a cheap hostel, and a museum. National park: ₪35/21 adult/child (includes access to the secluded beaches, nearby Crusader Castle, picnic areas).
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Western_Galilee.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akhzivland.

Ajlun Castle
An Islamic fortress, built during the period of the Crusades. It's an interesting maze of passages and levels, and offers a wonderful view of the surrounding area, northwestern Jordan, and off into Galilee. The castle was built in 1184-1185 AD and was one of the few fortresses built to protect the country against Crusader attacks from both the west and the north. It also dominated the three main routes leading to the Jordan valley, protected the trade and commercial routes between Jordan and Syria, and controlled the area around itself, including iron mines. The castle is one of the best preserved and most complete examples of medieval Arab-Islamic military architecture. The Crusaders unsuccessfully spend decades trying to capture the castle and the nearby village. From the top of the castle, visitors can enjoy panoramic views of the Jordan Valley and the highlands of north Jordan. Excavations have identified a church that was built on the castle site in the earlier Byzantine period, while restoration and conservation works have made all areas of the castle accessible and safe for visitors. It is recommended to bring binoculars; the scenery is beautiful and as much a part of the reason to visit as the castle itself. 3 JD.
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Ajlun.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajloun_Castle.

Akaba: Arab Revolt Flagpole
The sixth tallest freestanding flagpole sits at a height of 130 metres high. It carries the flag of the Arab Revolt.
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Aqaba.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aqaba_Flagpole.
The Arab Revolt was an armed uprising by the Arabs against the Ottoman Empire amidst the Middle Eastern theatre of World War I.
On the basis of the McMahon–Hussein Correspondence, exchanged between Henry McMahon of the United Kingdom and Hussein bin Ali of the Kingdom of Hejaz, the rebellion against the ruling Turks was officially initiated at Mecca on 10 June 1916.[a] The primary goal of the Arab rebels was to establish an independent and unified Arab state stretching from Aleppo to Aden, which the British government had promised to recognize.
The Sharifian Army, led by Hussein and the Hashemites with backing from the British military's Egyptian Expeditionary Force, successfully fought and expelled the Ottoman military presence from much of the Hejaz and Transjordan. By 1918, the rebels had captured Damascus and proclaimed the Arab Kingdom of Syria, a short-lived monarchy that was led by Hussein's son Faisal I.
Having covertly signed the Sykes–Picot Agreement with the French Third Republic, the British reneged on their promise to support the Arabs' establishment of a singular Arab state.[11] Instead, the Arab-majority Ottoman territories of the Middle East were broken up into a number of League of Nations mandates, jointly controlled by the British and the French. Amidst the partition of the Ottoman Empire, the defeated Ottomans' mainland in Anatolia came under a joint military occupation by the victorious Allies, though this was gradually broken by the Turkish War of Independence, which established the present-day Republic of Turkey.
Taken from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arab_Revolt.
For more see there.

Akaba: Fortress
under reconstruction as of December 2018. It dates to the 14th century, although the present structure was built by the Mamluke sultan Qansawh el-Ghawri (1501-1516) and has been revised many times since then. The archaeological museum which used to be here no longer exists. 3 JD or free with Jordan Pass.
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Aqaba.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aqaba_Fortress.

Akaba: Old Church
The oldest purpose-built Christian church in history. A posted sign (viewed in the right angle) gives a little bit of information on the church and its age.
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Aqaba.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aqaba_Church.

Akaba: Sheikh Zayed Mosuqe
This mosque in the east beyond the highway gives a great overview of the area and Aqaba.
For more see

Akkon: Garden of Ridvan
This small green island in the middle of a river was called the Garden of Ridvan (Arabic: "paradise") by Bahāʾullāh and is not to be confused with the Garden of Ridvan in Baghdad, where Bahāʾullāh proclaimed his mission in 1863. Here, after nearly a decade of imprisonment in Acre, Bahāʾullāh was able to leave the enclosures of Acre prison and experience nature for the first time. Until then, his physical movements had consisted solely of continually pacing up and down in his bedroom.
Taken from https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahai-Weltzentrum.
Translated with www.DeepL.com/Translator (free version).

Akkon: Gefängnis
Under the citadel and prison of Acre, archaeological excavations revealed a complex of halls, which was built and used by the Hospitallers Knights. This complex was a part of the Hospitallers' citadel, which was combined in the northern wall of Acre. The complex includes six semi-joined halls, one large hall, a dungeon, a dining room and remains of an ancient Gothic church. Medieval European remains include the Church of Saint George and adjacent houses at the Genovese Square . There were also residential quarters and marketplaces run by merchants from Pisa and Amalfi in Crusader and medieval Acre. ₪37.
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Akko.

Akkon: Khan of the Pillars
Old Akko has several large khans (an inn enclosing a courtyard, used by caravans for accommodation) which once served the camel caravans bringing in grain from the hinterland. The grandest is the Khan al-Umdan. Its name means 'Inn of the Pillars', and it was built by Al-Jazzar in 1785. The pillars that give the khan its name were looted from the Caesarea ruins. It is a two-story structure and the ground floor would have housed the animals, while their merchant owners would have slept upstairs.
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Akko.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khan_al-Umdan.

Akkon: Or Torah Synagogue
A Tunisian synagogue, a meticulously handcrafted spectacle of stained glass and tile mosaic entirely unique to Akko.
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Akko.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Or_Torah_Synagogue.

Akkon: Schrein Baha'ullahs
The holiest place for the Baha'is; they face towards here for their daily prayers and are buried with their feet pointing here. The Shrine of Bahá'u'lláh is composed of a central room that has a small garden at its centre, which has trees growing in it and there are layers of carpets around the walls. In the right hand corner of the central room there is a small room where Bahá'u'lláh's remains are laid to rest.
For more see

Akkon: Great Mosque of al-Jezzar
Built in 1781, it is one of the largest mosques in Israel. Jezzar Pasha and his successor Suleiman Pasha are buried in a small graveyard adjacent to the mosque. In a shrine on the second level of the mosque, a single hair from the prophet Mohammed's beard is kept and shown on special ceremonial occasions.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/El-Jazzar_Mosque.

Al Ain: Camel Market
Daylight. In the Meyzad area, about 5 km south of Al Ain, near the Oman border, the camel souq is open every day. Hundreds of camels are brought together to buy and sell. Dress conservatively. The traders are very friendly, especially to children. The non-Gulf Arab traders may ask for money ("baksheesh") for letting children sit on a camel. Many traders will pick up children so that they can be photographed. Free.
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Al_Ain.

Al Ain: Fortress and Museum
Free. On Al Ain Street (or "Main Street" as the locals call it), this fort was built to protect the oasis from raiders. It was used as the headquarters for Sheikh Zayed when he was the ruler of the Eastern Region of Abu Dhabi, prior to his ascending to Sheikh of Abu Dhabi itself. The museum recreates the way people of the region lived before the founding of the UAE.
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Al_Ain.

Al Ain: Jebel Hafeet
The second tallest mountain in the United Arab Emirates (1350 m), Jebel Hafeet is surrounded by flat plains on three sides, which afford spectacular views, especially at sunset. The road to the top winds around hairpin turns for 12 km. There are three rest points for viewing, and then at the very top is a large parking area with a cafeteria and 360-degree view of the entire area. Take care on the road as some drivers enjoy the excitement of the twists and turns too much. There is a hotel (Mecure Hafeet) at the top, as well as Green Mubazara Park and Ain Al Fada resorts at the bottom. Free.
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Al_Ain.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jebel_Hafeet.

Al Ain: Oasis
The biggest of several oases in the region, the oasis is made up of thousands of date palms. The oasis sits between the main souq area downtown and Al Ain street. Narrow roads run through the oasis, so you can drive through it, or you can walk. Walking in the oasis is especially nice when the sun is not directly overhead, as the palm trees offer cooling shade. Free.

Al Bukayriyah: Heritage Village
Also Al Bukayriyah has a few reconstructed clay buildings that shows how people lived until 100 years ago. Here, it is beautifully aranged within palm trees.

Al Hamra
Set right at the base of the mountains, this town is notable for a number of Yemeni-style mud-brick buildings, some of which are among the oldest houses in Oman. They are in an older section of the town overlooking the newer town; in the early 21st century, many of the older houses have been abandoned as the inhabitants have chosen to move into more modern buildings.
Some of the old houses are not locked and you get climb them up from the inside and reach their roof terraces for a great view.
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Hajar_Mountains.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al_Hamra,_Oman.

Al Hamra: Watch Tower
The door to this old watch tower was open when we were there and we could climb it up to have a great view over Al Hamra.,

Al Hejaz Railway Station und Lawrence of Arabia
Old station of a fork of the Hejaz Railway. That's the one that was attacked by Lawrence of Arabia.
The main Hejaz railway went from Damascus to Medinah, but there was a side-route from this main track to Aqaba as well.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hejaz_railway and https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/T._E._Lawrence.

Al Hoota Cave
Sa-Th 09:00-13:00, 14:00-18:00; F 09:00-12:00, 14:00-18:00. A 2.7-km-long living cave network with a large chamber of stalactites and stalagmites, as well as a 800-m-long lake, home to a species of blind fish. There is also a geological museum onsite, as well as a cafe and gift shop. RO 6.5/3 (non-Omani adults/children 6-12), RO 3/1 (Omani adults/children 6-12), free (children under 6).
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Hajar_Mountains.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al_Hoota_Cave.

Al Ula: Elephant Rock
As the sun sets, there is no better place to be than Elephant Rock. As the name suggests, this sandstone rock in the middle of the desert has been naturally sculpted by the wind over millennia, to the shape of an elephant. Visit Elephant Rock for a spectacular view of it from sunken seating around the rock. Subtle lighting, food carts and the hushed murmurs of visitors all conspire to create an unobtrusive mood and an unforgettable desert sunset experience.
Taken from

Al Ula: Maraya
This aptly named architectural marvel (‘Maraya’ translates to ‘mirror’ in Arabic) has a mirrored exterior, and entered the Guinness World Records, in 2020, as the largest mirrored building in the world. By day, it’s like a mirage in the desert, while by night it transforms into an even more magical place. Revel in an evening of music from its eclectic programme of events, and follow that with a rooftop dinner at Maraya Social by Jason Atherton, feasting on dishes whose ingredients are sourced from local farms. The terrace looks out over the vastness of the desert under the even greater vastness of a midnight-blue sky.
Taken from

Al Ula: Old Town

Amman: Citadel
A national historic site at the center of downtown Amman. Its history represents significant civilizations that stretched across continents and prospered for centuries, as one empire gave rise to the next. Settlement at the Citadel extends over 7,000 years. 3 JD (free with Jordan Pass).
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Amman.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amman_Citadel.

Amman: Downtown
Due to accelerated growth the past several decades, the styles of living differs considerably as one travels from east to west throughout Amman. Visitors desiring a more exotic and traditional experience should explore "Old Amman", the central downtown, or Balad, which features many souqs, shops, and street vendors. Also known as the Souq with traditional sights and smells of the spice market, and shop for authentic souvenirs. Take a walk through the narrow alleyways and corners and negotiate (haggle) the price with friendly vendors. A maze of streets with everything from a fruit market to spices, souvenirs, clothes, hardware. Drink a cool glass of Sugar Cane juice, watch the talented young men make artistic sand designs inside the glass bottles, go and smoke a shisha (hubbly bubbly) in any of the numerous street cafes. Enjoy some tasty falafel in the famous Hashem cafe, enjoy a mansaf dish at Jerusalem restaurant or a nice slice of tasty Kanafe from Habibeh sweets. Busy crowded streets with the real taste of Jordan.
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Amman.

Amman: Rainbow Street
ear the 1st Circle in Jabal Amman, this is an interesting area to walk around and explore, it is named after the old Rainbow Cinema which is now out of use, but the area has experienced a revival with many of the old houses being restored and put into use, in the area there are some cafes and bars including Books@cafe and Wild Jordan, both with great views, a Caribbean restaurant, an Indian restaurant, a sushi joint, and an ice cream shop. There is a hammam, and the Royal Film Commission which sometimes holds outdoor screenings on its patio and some interesting small shops. Across the street from the British Council on Rainbow St., there is the refreshing Turtle Green Tea Bar where everything is in English and you can borrow a laptop to access the internet while enjoying your snack.
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Amman.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rainbow_Street.

Amman: Roman Theatre
Built during the reign of Antonius Pius, 138-161AD, this impressive theater could seat up to 6,000 people. Next to it are a folklore museum and a popular culture museum which the entrance fee also covers. Next to it is the Odeon theater, a smaller theater built at the same time. There are two small museums (Folklore and Popular Traditions) to the right and left as you enter. 2 JD (free with Jordan Pass).
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Theatre_(Amman).

Amman: The Duke's Diwan
The Duke's Diwan (Arabic: ديوان الدوق) is an arts and cultural center and historic house museum. Located on King Faisal Street in downtown Amman, it is housed in one of the city's oldest buildings.
Built in 1924 as Amman's first post office,[1] the building later became the Finance Ministry, and then the Haifa Hotel from 1948 to 1998. In 2001, it was rented by Mamdouh Bisharat, a Jordanian heritage conservationist and businessman, at double its price to prevent the building's owners from knocking it down. Bisharat turned the building into a Diwan, a gathering place for artists, thinkers, and poets. The rooms of the Diwan, filled with antiquities, pictures, and old furniture, are arranged to show visitors how Jordanians lived during the 20th century.
Taken from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Duke%27s_Diwan.
For more see there and at

Amman: Umbrella Staircases

Amman: King Abdullah I Mosque
Impressive new mosque, with a church opposite. Together, they give an interesting view. 5 JD.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/King_Abdullah_I_Mosque.

Amman: Roman Nymphaeum
A partly-preserved Roman fountain.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nymphaeum_(Amman).

Ancient Susya
Su-Th 08:00-16:00, in summer 09:00-17:00. An ancient city which was populated by Jews and Muslims from the 3rd to 14th centuries. The most impressive relic is a synagogue from the Byzantine era which contains some beautiful mosaics. There are explanatory signs, pamphlets, and an education video on the site, and you can also order an organized tour. The site is located near the Jewish settlement of Susya, at the very southern edge of the West Bank. There is no public transportation to the site - and only a few buses to the road junction outside Susya settlement, which is a possibly-dangerous 30-minute walk to the ruins. So best to drive there. ₪26 (₪17 for elders).
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/West_Bank.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Susya.

Archaeological Site of Al-Ayn
Free access any time.
A group of beehive tombs from the 3rd Millennium BC. Part of the UNESCO World Heritage side of the Archaeological Sites of Bat, Al-Khutm and Al-Ayn.
Al-Ayn is a small necropolis, although it is in the best condition of the three necropolises. It is located 22 kilometres (14 miles) southeast of Bat.[4]
These unexcavated beehive tombs here are in much better condition than those at Bat, with the added dramatic backdrop of Jebel Misht and its 1000-m-high cliffs. To access them, take the graded road to the left (just past the junction), and turn right and drive 100 m down the wadi. From here a footpath leads to the tombs.
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Hajar_Mountains.

Archaeological Site of Al-Khutm
Free access any time.
Ruin of an old tower. By far the least impressive part of the UNESCO World Heritage side of the Archaeological Sites of Bat, Al-Khutm and Al-Ayn.
The ruins at Al-Khutm are thought to have derived from a stone fort, with a tower made of rock with a diameter of 20 metres (66 feet). They are located 2 kilometres (1.2 miles) west of Bat.

Archaeological Site of Bat
Free access any time.
A group of beehive tombs from the 3rd Millennium BC. Part of the UNESCO World Heritage side of the Archaeological Sites of Bat, Al-Khutm and Al-Ayn.
The site of Bat is located inside a palm grove. Around 3000 B.C., there was an intense trade of copper (extracted locally) and stone (probably diorite) with Sumerians.[3] The necropolis consists of 100 graves and circular buildings each with a diameter of about 20 metres (66 feet). These buildings have no outside openings, so besides the possibility of their ritualistic function, they may have been used as tanks or silos. Their precise function is as of yet unknown. In 1972, the excavations carried out by a Danish team led by Karen Frifelt showed that the area has been continuously inhabited for 4000 years.
This site was excavated in 1976 and includes communal graves, ruins of tower forts, and beehive tombs.

Ariel
Ariel (Hebrew: אריאל) is an Israeli settlement in "Area C" (Israeli-managed territory in the West Bank), within the north-central West Bank (Judea and Samaria). It is approximately 40 km east of Tel-Aviv and 30 km east of Petah Tikva. It is beside the Palestinian town of Salfit.
Ari'el was established in 1978 as settler community based on the ideas of Revisionist Secular Zionism, in particular the political philosophies of Ze'ev (Vladimir) Jabotinsky, a noted early 20th-century Zionist Jewish leader. It quickly grew during the 1980s, and then absorbed many immigrants from the former Soviet Union in the 1990s. It has a population of 20,000 (2018), including permanent non-resident students.
Ariel's population contains around 8,000 ex-Soviet immigrants, many of whom are not Jewish by Jewish religious law. The remaining inhabitants are predominantly secular, although more traditional than in the coastal secular communities. Around 20% of the town's population are classed as Orthodox, with minute numbers of Haredi (or "ultra-Orthodox") Jews. It is also home to a large public college and an important industrial area called the Barkan, producing many Israeli kosher food exports in particular. The settlement's residential and commercial growth has been slow and relatively unsuccessful, due to its secular nature, low birth rate and its distance from the main economic, cultural and religious life of the Israeli coastal plain.
Ariel's location was chosen in large part for military reasons. It is located in the geographical center of the northern West Bank, equidistant between the Mediterranean Sea and the Jordanian border, providing a strategic base for the Israeli army. Its large population also helps create a "settlement bloc" in the part of the West Bank overlooking the heavily populated Israeli central region.
See:
Garden of Bible Stories. 9AM-3PM weekdays, or by arrangement. A park with sculptures and models representing various objects and stories from the Bible. The highlight is a full-sized reproduction of the Tabernacle (mishkan) from the desert, which is very realistic and very impressive looking. They offer a guided tour, which is intended for large groups and priced accordingly, and is reported to be superficial and child-oriented. Instead of this, pay ₪25 to walk around the site on your own. You should be given English-language headphones for basic guidance. Located next to the Eshel HaShomron Hotel, at the western entrance to Ariel (next to the large traffic circle where Route 5 comes to an end).
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Ariel.

Armored vehicles monument near Sha'ar HaGai
Remains of Palmach armored vehicles that were destroyed by the Jordanian Legion forces while trying to break the blockade of Jerusalem during the 1948 Arab-Israeli war. You can see the vehicles along the side of Route 1 as you drive by. You might be able to stop for a closer view by exiting Route 1 at the Shoresh interchange (just to the east of the vehicles).
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Jerusalem_Hills.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palmach.

Ashalim Power Station
The Ashalim power station is a concentrated solar power station in the Negev desert near the kibbutz of Ashalim, south of the district city of Be'er Sheva in Israel. It consists of three plots with three different technologies the station combines 3 kinds of energy: solar thermal energy, photovoltaic energy, and natural gas.[1][2]
Taken from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ashalim_Power_Station.

Ashdod: Ad Halom Park
During the 1948 Israel Independence War, the Egyptian army invaded Israel. This park marks the northernmost point they reached before being forced to retreat by Israeli forces. There are memorials (including one to fallen Egyptian soldiers, erected after a peace treaty with Egypt was signed), the old bridge around which the battle was fought, and military relics from the battle.
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Ashdod.

Ashdod: Grave of Jonah.
Named after the prophet Jonah, who is believed to be buried here. It is the highest point of the city (around 150 m above sea level) with the city lighthouse on top of it.
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Ashdod.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jonah.

Ashdod: Muscial Fountain
Summer time: Su-Th 8:30AM, 9:30AM, 10:15AM; Sa 9AM, 10AM. Winter time: Su-Th 6:30AM, 8:30AM; Sa 8:30AM, 9:30AM. A fountain in the Ashdod Sea Park close to the beach. Inspired by the Magic Fountain in Barcelona, this fountain puts on an impressive sound and light show several times each evening (except Friday night and when there is rain).
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Ashdod.

Ashdod: Sand Dunes
The only surviving sand dunes in central Israel are located in the national reserve between southeast Ashdod and Highway 4 (the road to Tel Aviv). The largest dune is about 35 meters high and 250 meters long. In the reserve there is also preserved wildlife (mostly deer, rabbits, birds and jackals). Entrance is free.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ashdod_Sand_Dune.

Atatürk-Wald
Atatürk Forest is a planted forest named after Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, founder of the Turkish Republic, located in the southern area of Mount Carmel in Israel. The forest was planted on barren land by immigrants from Turkey in 1953.
The forest was established in 1953 by Turkish Jews who had immigrated to Israel. Trees were planted on what was a barren mountain.[1] An opening ceremony was held attended by Israeli president Yitzhak Ben-Zvi and Turkish Ambassador Şefket İstinyeli who both also planted a tree in the forest that day.[2] A sign reads:
"ATATÜRK ORMANI TÜRKİYE'DEN GELEN MUSEVİLER TARAFINDAN DİKİLMİŞTİR"
"ATATURK'S FOREST WAS PLANTED BY JEWISH PEOPLE FROM TURKEY"
In documented photos, Turkish women are seen taking a moment of respect in front of a plaque with that quote on it.[3] At least as of 1972, Turks who visited the forest and planted a tree would receive a diploma.[1]
There was a large fire on Mount Carmel in 2010. Atatürk Forest, being on the south side of the summit of the mountain, which is not the side that the fire was on, was unharmed by the fire.[2]
Taken from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atat%C3%BCrk_Forest.

Avdat
Su-Th Sa 8AM-4PM, F 8AM-5PM; during DST open for 1 additional hour. Avdat was a Nabataean city and central trade post in the first centuries CE and BCE. Today it's an Israeli national park and one of the four locations included in the UNESCO World Heritage Site of the Incense Route in the Negev. The excavations and restoration work reveal a beautiful city of stone walls, columns, arches and decorations. Adult ₪29, student ₪23, child/senior ₪15; combined tickets with Ein Avdat are available.
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Sde_Boker.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avdat.

Avshalom/Soreq Cave
A cave full of stalactites, stalagmites, and other impressive rock formations. It's an especially good choice in summer due to the cool underground air. You have to enter on a (free) organized tour (which often includes an entire class of school kids). You will need to wait at least 20 minutes for a tour, so be sure to arrive at least an hour before closing time. Tours are normally in Hebrew, but Arabic or English ones can be arranged. Beware that the nearest public transportation is about 5 km away, in Nes Harim or Beit Shemesh. When you turn off road 3866 to get to the cave, there is a nice picnic spot on your right, with a great view in all directions. If you're lucky, the gate to the lookout tower will be open and you can see the view from there (say hi to the fire-spotter, if he's up there).
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Jerusalem_Hills.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avshalom_Cave.

Baghdad: Abu Hanifa Mosque
One of Baghdad's most prominent Sunni mosques, it surrounds the tomb of Abu Hanifa, the founder of the Hanafi school of Islamic jurisprudence.
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Baghdad.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abu_Hanifa_Mosque.

Baghdad: Al-Kazimiyya Mosque
One of the most important Shi'ite religious sites in Iraq. It was finished in 1515 and the 7th Musa ibn Jafar al-Kathim and the 9th Imams Mohammed Al-Jawad were buried there.
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Baghdad.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Kazimiyya_Mosque.

Baghdad: As-Salam Palace
Home of former Iraqi dictator Saddam Hussein.
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Baghdad.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/As-Salam_Palace.

Baghdad: Freedom Monument
Located at the epicenter of Baghdadi civic life, the Tahrir square, this iconic and massive sculpture is one of the city's most well-loved monuments. Completed in 1961, the sculpture spans almost 50 meters in length and features bronze castings depicting the history of Iraq.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_Monument_(Baghdad).

Baghdad: Khan Murjan
First built in the 14th century as a caravanserai, an inn for traveling merchants, whose center was a hall more than 13 metres high.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khan_Murjan.

Baghdad: Martyr Monument
First built as a monument dedicated to the Iraqi soldiers who died in the Iran-Iraq war. Since the fall of Saddam Hussein in 2003, it has been repurposed to a monument for all Iraqi martyrs including victims of his regime. The monument consists of a circular platform 190 metres in diameter in the centre of an artificial lake. A museum, library, cafeteria, lecture hall, and exhibition gallery are on two levels underneath the domes.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Shaheed_Monument.

Baghdad: Mustansiriya Madrasah
Often referred to as the Abbasid Palace, this medieval-era scholarly complex was established in 1227 CE. It's one of the oldest buildings still standing in Baghdad and a central landmark in the historic district.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mustansiriya_Madrasah.

Baghdad: Mutanabbi Street
The historic old quarter contains a myriad of alleys and small streets with buildings dating back to Ottoman era or even older. Many of them are unfortunately in various stages of disrepair. The old quarter is also home to the heart and soul of Iraqi literacy and intellectual community, Mutanabbi Street. The street is lined with bookstores and outdoor book stalls as well as cafés to discuss matters of the day.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mutanabbi_Street.

Baghdad: Save Iraqi Culture Monument
Built in 2010, meant to remind Iraqis on the fragility of its cultural heritage.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saving_Iraqi_Culture.

Baghdad: Unknown Soldier Monument
Inspired by the glorification of a martyr from the Iran–Iraq War. The monument represents a traditional shield (dira¹a) dropping from the dying grasp of an Iraqi warrior. The monument used to house a museum which is now mostly empty. Ask the Iraqi soldiers who guard the monument for permission.
For more see

Baghdad: Victory Arch
A huge pair of triumphal arches celebrating the alleged victory over Iran. Also known as the Hands of Victory. It marks the entrances to a former parade ground.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Victory_Arch.

Baghdad: Kahramana Statue
Depicting a scene from the legend of Ali Baba and the Forty Thieves, in which the slave girl Marjana outwitted the thieves by tricking them into hiding inside jars over which she poured hot oil.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kahramana.

Bahla Fort
F 08:00-11:00, Sa 08:00-16:00. This UNESCO World Heritage Site was built in the 13th and 14th centuries by the prosperous Bani Nebhan tribe when they dominated the region. The original, unaltered structure has stone foundations and walls of unbaked mud brick, and together with the rest of the town is a magnificent example of medieval southern Arabian architecture. After a twenty-year restoration effort, the fort is now partially open to the public for limited hours. There are a number of displays inside, but as yet few labels or descriptions. 500 Bzs.
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Bahla.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahla_Fort.

Baram Synagogue
Remains of a large synagogue from about the 3rd century. The two-story monumental carved facade is well preserved. Located 20 km (driving distance) northwest of Safed.
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Upper_Galilee.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kfar_Bar%27am_synagogue.

Basra: Old Town
Only a few blocks remain of the old Basra, once described as the Venice of the East with colonial and Ottoman mansions lining the city's canals. Many houses feature the iconic shanasheel balconies, built in wood to protect interior of houses from the heat of the day as well as providing an overlook onto the street. A UNESCO-funded project took of in 2018, aiming at restoring some of the derelict houses in the old quarters.
In the old town you can find:
30.501874, 47.816706: Basra Heritage Museum. A small heritage museum, housed in an historic building that used to be the Greek consulate during Ottoman times.
30.500745, 47.816426: Great Mosque of Basra. Largest mosque in Basra.
30.5000, 47.8143: Armenian Church of the Virgin Mary (In old Basra). There has been an Armenian church at this site in old Basra since 1736, the current building dates back to the late 19th century.
30.5012, 47.8133: Saint Thomas Chaldean Church (كنيسة القديس توما الكلدانية). Oldest still standing church, dating back to 1886. It features a small museum of religious artifacts which can be visit upon request.
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Basra.

Beer Sheva: Abraham's Well
Located at the edge of the Old Town and on the Wadi Beer Sheva, this small site contains the well where according to tradition Abraham made the oath with Abimelech.
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Beer_Sheva.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abraham%27s_Well.

Beer Sheva: Beduin Market
Located just outside of the city on the Road to Eilat, this market takes place every Thursday morning. Bedouin merchandise can be found next to a wide array of other products.
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Beer_Sheva.

Beer Sheva: Britisch/ANZAC Military Cementery
Located just next to the Old Town, this cemetery is the resting place of British, Australian and New Zealand (ANZAC) soldiers who fought against the Turks in the First World War.
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Beer_Sheva.

Beer Sheva: Israeli Air Force Museum
Su-Th 8AM-5PM, F 8AM-1PM. Located near Kibbutz Hatserim, 5 km to the west of Beer Sheva. The museum has a collection of ~150 historical airplanes of the Israeli Air Force (and a few foreign or enemy planes). Some of the planes you can climb into. You can arrange for tours in Hebrew or English. To get here, take bus 40 from the central bus station (about hourly).
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Israeli_Air_Force_Museum.

Beer Sheva: Monument to the Negev Brigade
Located on a hill to the northeast of the city, this large monument made out of concrete, commemorates symbolically the different aspects of the Negev Brigade which conquered the Negev region in Israel's War of Independence. There is a superb view on the city and its surroundings from this site.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monument_to_the_Negev_Brigade.

Beer Sheva: Old City
The Old Town was planned by Turkish and German engineers at the end of the 19th century. Its streets form a grid (very uncommon in the region). Many buildings date from Turkish times and have secret gardens behind high walls. Rehabilitated Smilansky Street has the best preserved buildings. Additionally there is a wide array of cheap stores and excellent ethnic restaurants and bars.

Beer Sheva: Turkish Railway Station
An old train station, built in 1915 by the Turks, featuring steam engine #70414 from the 1930s. You can walk around the station freely and eat at a restaurant. There are also paid tours and a small museum.

Beit Guvrin-Maresha National Park
Beit Guvrin-Maresha National Park is a national park in central Israel, containing a large network of caves recognized by UNESCO as a World Heritage Site.[1] The national park includes the remains of the historical towns of Maresha, one of the important towns of Judah during the First Temple Period,[2] and Bayt Jibrin, a depopulated Palestinian town known as Eleutheropolis in the Roman era.[3] However, Maresha and Bayt Jibrin are not part of the UNESCO site, which covers only the cave network.[4]
Archaeological artifacts unearthed at the site include a large Jewish cemetery, a Roman-Byzantine amphitheater, a Byzantine church, public baths, mosaics and burial caves.[5]
It is located 13 kilometers from Kiryat Gat.

Beit Jamal Monastery
Beit Jimal (or Beit Jamal; Hebrew: בית ג'מאל; Arabic: بيت جمال / الحكمة), Beit el Jemâl, meaning "The house of the camel"[1] is a Catholic monastery run by Salesian priests and brothers near Beit Shemesh, Israel. The Christian tradition identifies the site with the Roman- and Byzantine-era Jewish village of Caphargamala (כפר גמלא‎), and believe that a cave there is the tomb of St. Stephen or to have conserved his relics.[2] An alternative spelling and etymology for the name is therefore Beit Gemal or Beit Gamal - the House of Rabban Gamaliel the Elder.
Taken from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beit_Jimal.

Beit Jann and the Druze
Beit Jann (Arabic: بيت جن; Hebrew: בֵּיתּ גַ'ן) is a Druze village on Mount Meron in northern Israel.[3] At 940 meters above sea level, Beit Jann is one of the highest inhabited locations in the country. In 2021 it had a population of 12,307.[1]
Taken from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beit_Jann.
For more see there and at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Druze_in_Israel.

Beth El Industries Factory Store
To all the Germans who miss their good German bread since you left your home country months ago: Here you can get some again. This Beth El Industries factory store offers a wide range of high-quality German bakery and grocery products. But also some "interesting" creations like onion jam that must have been invented AFTER the Germans (most of the Swabians, by the way) that live in Zichron Ja'akow have migrated to Israel.
If that sounds too good to be true, note there might be some caveats depending on your mindset: First, Zichron Ja'akow lies on a hill, so you have to earn your German bread by cycling up there. Second, many of the Swabian immigrants are strictly believing evangelists, which is probably a main reason for them to settle in the promised land. And finally, Beth El Industries is not only a producer of German groceries and bed sheets and other unsuspicious staff, but mainly produces military equipment, especially ABC air filtration systems for tanks (they emphasize, they only produce defensive systems, but not weapons for attacs). And finally, it's fucking expensive, but okay, we're in Israel after all.

Bethlehem: West Bank Wall graffiti art
Although there is graffiti art at various places along the West Bank Wall, this section is particularly densly painted.
West Bank Wall graffiti art is street art on the walled sections of the Israeli West Bank barrier,[1][2] by a wide range of international and Palestinian artists. The wall is 8 to 10 metres (26 to 33 ft) tall, and is easily accessible to artists as it frequently divides urban areas. The graffiti is on the Palestinian side of the wall and primarily expresses anti-wall sentiments.[3][4]
The graffiti has become a tourist attraction, particularly around the Bethlehem area,[7] epitomised by The Walled Off Hotel by graffiti artist Banksy. During Banksy's 2005 trip to the West Bank, a Palestinian man acknowledged both the beauty and irony of Banksy's work, telling him: "We don't want this wall to be beautiful. We hate it. Go home."[6]
Taken from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/West_Bank_Wall_graffiti_art.

Betlehem: Christmas in Betlehem
Spend Christmas in the town where it all began! Bethlehem is decked out in Christmas decorations for the Holiday season. Make sure to attend Midnight Mass led by the various leaders of the Holy Land's Christian denominations on Christmas Eve with the thousands of both foreign and local worshipers who gather in Manger Square outside the Church of the Nativity. Christmas is just magical in Bethlehem, there is nothing like it! The Christmas season is definitely the most exciting time to be in Bethlehem, much Christmas spirit is present in the town.
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Bethlehem.

Betlehem: Church of the Nativity
Undoubtedly the top attraction in Bethlehem, a veritable citadel built fortress-like on top of the cave where Jesus was born to Mary. It is one of the oldest churches in the world, and has been inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage List. The first incarnation of the building was erected on the orders of the Roman Emperor Constantine I (the Great) in 330 CE. While the layout largely corresponds to Emperor Justinian's plans from 540 CE (the first building having been destroyed in a 536 riot), the church was first heavily fortified by the Crusaders and then degraded (mostly through neglect) under Mamluk rule. An earthquake in 1834 and a fire in 1869 didn't help. Today, the structure is mostly sound but somewhat dark and gloomy in appearance, only the adjoining Franciscan Church of St Catherine (dated 1881 and the site of the yearly December 24 midnight mass broadcast around the world) being in excellent shape. The alleged site of Jesus' birth is actually in an cave in the church (the original Manger where Jesus was born was a cave, not a shed, as popularly depicted). There is a star marking the exact location of Jesus' birth in the cave. The original Manger with the star marking Jesus' birth site is called the Grotto of the Nativity, and is accessible from inside the church. (The tomb of famed theologian and Bethlehem resident St. Jerome, who spent his life translating the Bible, is also in the cave with the Grotto.) Entrance to the entire complex is free, but in the high season (and especially on Jan 6th) be prepared for massive crowds and hour-long waits for entry into the Grotto. There are usually accredited but dodgy tour-guides waiting at the entrance or inside of the church who offer to give tours to groups/individuals, sometimes allowing you to skip the crowds. Makes sure to agree on a price before taking the tour, and if the promise was to skip the crowds and get into the crotto directly but not possible sometimes, lower the price by at least half. Otherwise do not support them, as it is unfair to the other visitors waiting.
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Bethlehem.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Church_of_the_Nativity.

Betlehem: Milk Grotto Church
Where Mary supposedly spilled a few drops of breast milk while feeding Jesus as she hid before the Holy Family's escape to Egypt, turning the cavern milky white. It is open all day. The white powder scrapped from the cave is also sold as a fertility medicine inside the chapel.
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Bethlehem.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chapel_of_the_Milk_Grotto.

Betlehem: Rachel's Tomb
Altough it belongs to Bethlehem, it's on the Israeli side of the wall!
Burial place of the matriarch Rachel, wife of Jacob and mother of Joseph and Benjamin is the second most important historical site in Bethlehem. (Genesis 35:19-20). It is a holy site in Judaism, Christianity and Islam. As a result of the security situation, the Tomb's original structure has been surrounded by an Israeli fortress, barricading it off from Bethlehem. While the original tomb can still be seen in its entirety from within the fortress, access to the tomb is now only possible by vehicle, e.g. by taking the Egged bus that comes from Jerusalem or by hitchhiking the very short way.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rachel%27s_Tomb.

Betlehem: Saint George's Monastery
St. George was a very important Christian Saint for Orthodox Christians, also called "Mar Jeriess" in Arabic. The monastery is said to hold relics from the saint that possess healing powers-especially for mental illness. The monastery was used in the 19th century as a psychiatric facility to treat mental illness by using St George's relics. The site is also venerated in Muslim tradition as the setting for the Muslim prophet Al Khider's teachings. In mid-April or early May (it goes by the Julian calendar), the town (both Muslims and Christians) holds a festival for St. George that is worth seeing.

Betlehem: Banksy - Man throwing Flowers
The Flower Thrower, Flower Bomber, Rage, or Love is in the Air is a 2007 stencil mural in Beit Sahour in the West Bank by the graffiti artist Banksy, depicting a masked man throwing a bunch of flowers.[1] It is considered one of Banksy's most iconic works; the image has been widely replicated.[1]
It was inspired by images of 1960s protests, such as Bruno Barbey photograph of the May 68 protests in Franch (e.g. his photograph of Boulevard Saint-Germain, 6th arrondissement, Paris, France. May 6, 1968).[2]
An earlier version was originally drawn by Banksy in 1999 and presented at his first exhibition in 2000.[3]
Taken from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flower_Thrower.

Bimmah Sinkhole
A deep sinkhole about 0.5 km inland from the coast, filled with blue-green brackish water. The locals say that a meteor fell on this spot of land, resulting in the natural depression and forming a small lake. The sinkhole is within in a walled park, with picnic and toilet facilities. Swimming is permitted. The sinkhole is connected to several cave networks, as yet not fully explored. Free.
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Central_Coastal_Oman.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bimmah_Sinkhole.

Birkat al-Karmil
An interesting natural and holy pool, which lies in the southern Hebron hills. Great for a swim in this dry land. Renovated in 2011, by the Yatta Municipality, it is now a park with the ancient pool at its centre. Controversial sometimes due to Israelis coming in, forcing out the Palestinians, so the Jewish settlers can bathe – but this only happens rarely.
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/West_Bank.

Bnei Berak
Bnei Brak, also spelled Bene Beraq, is an Israeli city. It lies in the Gush Dan district of which Tel Aviv is the largest city, between Ramat Gan and Petach Tikvah.
The city is a major focus of chareidi Jewish life, and this article is thus mainly focused on such travellers, since for other travellers, Bnei Brak is not an especially interesting destination.
South of Jabotinsky Road, the main traffic artery, is the Haredi area of the city, almost exclusively inhabited by Haredi Jews. Walking in these areas is a unique Israeli experience, but be respectful of the local customs. Wear long-sleeved clothing and full pants; a head cover is also recommended. On Shabbat (Friday night and Saturday), it is not recommended to openly display/use electronic devices, ride a bicycle, or make noise in this area.
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Bnei_Brak.

Bnei Brak: Coca-Cola Factory
The façade reads "Coca-Cola" in Hebrew. Tours of the facility are offered by reservation; they are interesting to kids, but minimum allowed age is 7 or 8.
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Bnei_Brak.

Buraydah Sand Dunes: Old Clay Village
There are a lot of oases in this area of the sand dunes that are quite stunning. Here, an old clay village adds even more touristic value. The roads to get to this place should be okay for riding a bike and it will be an amazing camp spot!

Buraydah Sand Dunes: Water Well
Apparently it's drinkable (we tried small amounts without getting sick), but it doesn't taste particularly good. Pumping required to move the water up.

Buraydah: Camel Market
Biggest camel market of Saudi Arabia, but also other livestock is traded. We heard that coming very early in the morning is important to see a lot of action going on.

Buraydah: Date Market
Apparently the largest date market in the country. But not a lot was going on when we were there.

Buraydah: Tower
Water tower in the iconic form of a golf ball on a tee.

Caesarea
The modern city of Caesarea has about 4200 inhabitants and is one of the wealthiest residential areas in Israel. Cycling along the fine bike paths passing one designer street lamp after the other feels a bit like cycling through the set of The Truman Show.
At the end of the dead-end road that connects all the huge properties with swimming pools behing high hedges there will be a single-leg round-about so that vehicles can turn. But with a bicycle, you can continue on a sandy footpath (you might have to lift your equipment a bit over a rail guard to do so) and after only about 200 m you will find yourself in the Arab city of Jisr al-Zarqa. And thereby you have entered a completely different world!
While Caesarea is one of the richest settlements in Israel, Jisr al-Zarqa likely is one of the poorest. At no other place, the two different worlds of Jewish and Arab life are this close, though well shielded by a sand dune.

Caesarea: Ancient City
May-Aug 08:00-18:00, Sep Oct: 08:00-17:00, Nov-Apr: 08:00-16:00. Ancient Caesarea Maritima is one of the archaeological treasures of Israel and the Mediterranean. This giant city and port was created 2000 years ago by Herod the Great in honour of the Roman emperor, Augustus Caesar. Much of the Roman city remains, including an aqueduct, theatre, and acres of excavated houses, mosaics and palaces. In the 12th century CE, Caesarea was recreated as a massive Crusader fortress, whose moat, balustrades and towers still stand. The ancient and medieval city are preserved within the Caesarea National Park, and the Roman aqueduct can be seen for free on the beach a few kilometers north of the National Park. ₪39/33/24 adult/student/child.
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Caesarea.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caesarea_Maritima.

Caesarea: Aqueduct
Hike along or on top of what is left over of this impressive structure.
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Caesarea.

Caesarea: Birds Mosaic
A little-known but beautiful archaeological site. The site of a Byzantine palace, there are complex mosaics here with pictures of birds and other wildlife as well as geometric forms. The site can be freely visited with no admission fee.
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Caesarea.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Birds_Mosaic_(Caesarea).

Castel National Park
Originally a Crusader fortress, by 1948 the Arab village of Al-Qastal was located here, strategically overlooking the road from Jaffa to Jerusalem. The site is mostly known for the key battles which were held there in April 1948 (Operation Nachshon) ending in Jewish capture of the village. The national park includes a memorial for the Jewish soldiers whom died in these battles (including a monument designed in 1980 by Yitzhak Yamin) and a memorial for the armored vehicles used in attempts to break through the blockade of Jerusalem.
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Jerusalem_Hills.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Qastal,_Jerusalem.

Church of the Beatitudes
The Church of the Beatitudes (Hebrew: כנסיית הר האושר) is a Roman Catholic church located on the Mount of Beatitudes by the Sea of Galilee near Tabgha and Capernaum in Israel.
Taken from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Church_of_the_Beatitudes.

Dana
Dana Nature Reserve is in Jordan, 88 km south of Kerak. It the largest nature reserve in Jordan, covering over 300 km² and all four different bio-geographical zones of the Kingdom.
Access to the hiking trail of Wadi Araba and the village is free of charge. Some visitors have paid a conservation fee of 8.50 JD for trips into Dana Nature Reserve, but this cannot be verified from the associated website.
Hiking is the best thing to do in the reserve. There are half day to even two day treks. Some treks involve the use of 4x4 to get there or away. Most of the treks can only be done with a guide.
A good description can be found here:
If you want skip the guide but still want a challenging track, try Dana Village to Feynan Ecolodge. You either walk back from there or continue on to the highway. Allow 3-5 hr to the lodge and 2-3 hr to the villages and 1 hr more to the highway – double check with other websites. Make sure to have a good map and even GPS with you, and also know how to get on from the highway - hitchhiking can be an option.
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Dana_Nature_Reserve.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dana_Biosphere_Reserve.

Dead Sea
Note that there is only a very limited number of access points to the Dead Sea (for swimming) and most of them are private beaches with an entrance fee.
As far as we know, the only place to swim for free on the western shore is the public beach of En Bokek. Although En Bokek does not lie at the "true" Dead Sea but at the salt flats south of the true Dead Sea, the water is basically the same and you will have the same floating effect while swimming.
The Dead Sea (Arabic: اَلْبَحْرُ الْمَيْتُ, Āl-Baḥrū l-Maytū; Hebrew: יַם הַמֶּלַח, Yam hamMelaḥ), also known by other names, is a salt lake bordered by Jordan to the east and Palestine's West Bank and Israel to the west. It lies in the Jordan Rift Valley, and its main tributary is the Jordan River.
Taken from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dead_Sea.
The water in the Dead Sea is extremely salty, and has been estimated to be the second saltiest major body of water in the world. Its name is derived from the fact that it is far too saline for marine life to exist in its waters.
All the shallow waters of the southern end of the sea have been drained and are now salt flats. Which means that the southern part is actually just artificial and not the real Dead Sea. A couple of years ago there was a real lake here. Thus, Ein Bokek and Neve Zohar are not really places where you want to go for a swim in the real Dead Sea.
By the way, water from the northern part is drained through a channel south. This channel allows for a swim and the same experience, if you have waterproof sandals and water to wash the salt off. For example, from the highway right next to Masada it is just 100-200 m to this channel. The water in the channel is not moving, but it might if they decide to open the block at the south end.
Due to the hypersalination of the water, you can float with ease in the Dead Sea; in fact, it's nearly impossible to sink! It is popular for visitors to have their picture taken while reading a newspaper and floating on the surface of the water.
The mud along the shore of the Dead Sea contains many minerals and is believe to have medicinal and therapeutic benefits. It is not uncommon for visitors to cover their bodies with the dark mud.
There are many salt deposits and crystals scattered along the shoreline. Many visitors walk the beach in search of large pieces as souvenirs.
The water of the Dead Sea has a greasy feel to it.
Tip if in a resort: wash the salt off in the beach showers before you use your towel. Otherwise the towel will get salty and leave salt on your skin when you use it after your shower (the salt can cause an itch).

Dinosaur Footprints
In 1962, dinosaur footprints were discovered in the garden of one of Beit Zayit's residents, and are on display at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem.[5] This is the only place in Israel where evidence of dinosaurs was discovered, and one of few such sites in the Middle East.[6]
Taken from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beit_Zayit.

Dubai: Al Fahidi Historical Neighbourhood
One of the last remaining pockets of Old Dubai, home to many reconstructed buildings in the traditional style. While information on the structures is slim here (see the museum in preference), the atmosphere is very evocative and there are plenty of delightful art galleries and cafes to explore. Free of charge.
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Dubai/Bur_Dubai.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al_Bastakiya.

Dubai: Al Qudra Cycling Track
Large network of long bicycle paths through the desert. It's a little hard to plan these cycling tracks into a bicycle traveller's route because they a planned as circular routes for the racing bicyclists. Still, it's worth it to try. Perfect small asphalt bike paths through endless sand with Oryxes crossing from time to time.
There are free showers at the "base camp" of the circuits at 24.849687, 55.345465. Officially, camping is not allowed along the tracks as it's within a nature reserve, but the chances are probably high to not get caught.

Dubai: Burj al Arab
This huge sail-shaped hotel completed in 1999 is a symbol of Dubai and its ascent in the world. The self-proclaimed world's first seven-star hotel (actually a five-star deluxe hotel) was the first icon of Dubai and still stands out on the skyline from its location on an artificial island 280 m from the beach. Entry to the hotel is restricted to hotel guests and those with a restaurant reservation. A smart casual dress code applies but is not strictly enforced. Make restaurant reservations in advance. Overnight stays over US$1800 per night after taxes/fees.
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Dubai/Jumeirah.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burj_Al_Arab.

Dubai: Burj Khalifa
At 828 m and 160 floors this is the world's tallest structure by a long shot, over 300 m taller than the previous contender in Taipei. The observation deck at the 124th floor is the second highest in the world after the Shanghai World Financial centre. Dominating the Dubai skyline, the tower houses a hotel and a Las Vegas-inspired fountain system. The visitors' entrance is at the lower ground floor of Dubai Mall. Although the tour is called At the Top, it isn't! At 452 m it's just over halfway up the tower itself. Console yourself with the knowledge that most of the rest of the tower consists of service areas and the view below looks suitably ant-like. Tickets cost 125 dirham for a timed entry ticket, usually later the same day, or 400 dirham if you do not want to wait. Tickets can sell out several days in advance, and it is advisable to book them online ahead of your visit. For 500 dirham you can book a 'sky' ticket, that includes a trip to level 148 of the building for 30 minutes, sweets and drinks, before returning to the level 125 (which is empty and exclusive). It also includes a brief tour of the building private areas. If you go for 'sunrise+breakfast' option for 140 dirham you can visit floor 124 at 05:30 and after, with floor 125 opening at 08:30 - this is a great way to avoid the queues and see the city during both night and day.
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Dubai/Jumeirah.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burj_Khalifa.

Dubai: Deira Clocktower
A landmark of Deira and important as a monument built before the independence of UAE.
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Dubai/Deira.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deira_Clocktower.

Dubai: Dubai Fountain
Day shows are at 13:00 and 13:30, but night shows are the best - every 30 minutes 18:00-22:00 on weekdays and 18:00-23:00 on weekends.. At 270m (900 ft) in length and sporting a jet that shoots water up to 150m (500 ft), it is the world's largest dancing fountain and one with a very enticing display - a definite must-see. It's most easily accessed via the Dubai Mall. There are private entranceways from the Burj Khalifa if you're staying there.
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Dubai/Jumeirah.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Dubai_Fountain.

Dubai: Dubai Frame in Zabeel Park
Su–W 8AM 10PM, Th–Sa 8AM 11PM. The best and most popular park of town, it gives a remarkable glimpse of the desert and hot Dubai. 5 dirham
The Frame: Daily 09:00-21:00. Two towers of 150 m height connected by a 100-m² bridge, the Dubai Frame has a museum and gallery where you can see the growth of Dubai from a simple fishing village to the ultra-modern city it is today with the use of photos and advanced technology. After visiting the museum, you take the elevator to the bridge to get a view of the city. Adult 49 AED, child (3-12) 39 AED.
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Dubai/Bur_Dubai.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dubai_Frame.

Dubai: Dubai Mall
Su–W 10:00–23:00, Th–Sa 10:00–00:00. The largest mall in the world, it opened in 2008. It has over 1,200 shops of brand names from all over the world. It contains an indoor ice rink and indoor aquarium [as well a a three-story waterfall and a real dinosaur skeleton]. It is right next door to the Burj Khalifah, and the visitors' entrance to the Burj Khalifa is located at the lower ground floor of the Mall. It houses the Dubai Aquarium (which you can dive tours in) and 1,200 shops for everything. The food court on the lower floor is spectacular in its variety. It's a good place to watch the water games of the Dubai fountain, which plays at night. It is breathtaking, so take time and pick your points of interest.
Dubai Aquarium: Su–W 10:00–23:00, Th–Sa 10:00–00:00. Giant aquarium, 51 m (167 ft) long and 11 m (36 ft) high. The visit includes a crossing inside the walk-through water tunnel, behind the scenes, and several other experiences. The Underwater Zoo has 140 fish species, desert animals, penguins and also hosts "King Krok". Animal feeding hours are indicated in the zoo, and it's also possible to participate during feeding. Researcher Experience for 100 dirham/person, Explorer Experience for 120 dirham/person, VIP for 300 dirham/person.

Dubai: Dubai Marina
The Dubai Marina is to be the popular nightlife area of Dubai in the future. This multi-billion-dollar development is designed for tourists and water sport. The bars and cafés along the marina are popular gathering points for families and younger people. Most restaurants offer shisha and oriental food but food chains are fast entering too. The "Marina Walk" along the yachts is especially popular on Fridays and Saturdays. Yacht agencies offer services to explore the coastal region and Palm Islands.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dubai_Marina.

Dubai: Dubai Museum
Sa-Th 8:30AM–8:30PM, F 2PM–8:30PM. A must-see for anyone interested in the social history of the Emirate (and indeed the country). Located in and under al-Fahidi fort. The fort itself has a few examples of the traditional reed houses and other artifacts, but isn't much to look at. The more interesting parts are the modern galleries beneath the fort, showcasing Dubai's history using the latest technology and culminating in a reconstructed souq from the pearling days, complete with authentic sights and sounds. It is quite fascinating to see the speed at which the transition from poor pearling village to modern metropolis occurred. Admission 3 dirham.
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Dubai/Bur_Dubai.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dubai_Museum.

Dubai: Expo City
The area can still be visited, but most pavillions are closed.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Expo_2020.

Dubai: Gold Souk
Not a mall, but a historic market that has been a part of Dubai since the origin of Dubai itself. Located at the mouth of the creek, it dazzles people by selling gold in large quantities and with little visible security. A must visit for shoppers and sightseers. Most of the gold is 22ct quality and quite expensive - although even here the shopkeepers are prepared to bargain - and the craftsmanship can be remarkably detailed. The gold items are sold by weight with a "making charge" added on top to cover the workmanship. It pays therefore, to go shopping armed with the current gold price and a knowledge of the making charges in order to hone the bargaining process. Many outlets are part of chains that also have branches in malls, so are generally reliable.
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Dubai/Deira.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dubai_Gold_Souk.

Dubai: Grand Mosque
Its large minaret is the imposing feature of this large mosque. It is popular for being quite close to a Hindu temple and one can see followers of both Islam and Hinduism gathering at the same place for prayers.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grand_Mosque_in_Dubai.

Dubai: Heritage Village
Home to the open museums of the Heritage and Diving Villages, and the houses of the late Sheikhs Saeed Al-Maktoum and Juma Al-Maktoum.

Dubai: Iranian Mosque
A very colourful and attractive tiled mosque; quite a contrast to the other much more plainly decorated mosques. Can be viewed from a carparking area off the north (creek) side of the street.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iranian_Mosque,_Bur_Dubai.

Dubai: Jumeirah Mosque
The largest mosque in the city, and a wonderful example of Islamic architecture. It was built in the medieval Fatimid tradition with the interior decorated with elaborate Arabic calligraphy. It is one of few mosques in the city open for visits by non-Muslims; the Sheikh Mohammed Centre for Cultural Understanding conducts special tours for non-Muslims to help promote understanding of Islam. Guided tours are available on Tuesday, Thursday, and Sunday beginning at 10:00, followed by a question-and-answer session. The mosque is an especially great place to visit in the evening when it's dramatically illuminated by floodlights.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jumeirah_Mosque.

Dubai: Majlis Ghorfat Umm Al Sheif
Su-Th 07:30-14:30. A restored traditional Emirati-style two story building used as a summer residence by Sheikh Rashid bin Saeed Al Maktoum, one of the founders of UAE, and father of the present ruler of Dubai. 1 dirham for adults and children over 6 years.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Majlis_Ghorfat_Umm_Al_Sheif.

Dubai: Mall of the Emirate (Ski Dubai)
Outside Ramadan: Su–W 10:00–22:00, Th–Sa 10:00–00:00; Ramadan: daily 10:00-01:00. It was largest shopping mall outside of North America until the Dubai Mall opened in 2008. Over 200 shops, cinemas, plus the Ski Centre. Has many international high street chains as well as luxury brand stores, including Harvey Nichols. Many restaurants and cafés, though cafés tend to be much more crowded than at other malls. It's attached to a Kempinski hotel, which has restaurants licensed to serve alcohol that are accessible from the mall. Very large Carrefour hypermarket attached, next to the Kempinski Hotel. Arabian/Middle Eastern souvenir shops upstairs. It's known for Ski Dubai and it other spectacular attractions. There are all High Street shops around and is very popular with families.
Su–W 10:00–23:00, Th 10:00–00:00, F 09:00–00:00, Sa 09:00-23:00 – tickets close 1 hr 30 min before. Dubai has a snow skiing centre in the Mall of the Emirates, offering both skiing and snowboarding. The 400 m (1,300 ft) slope is quite large for an indoor area. All equipment is available for hire. Although it is −4 °C (25 °F) inside, you do not need to bring a jacket because they supply pretty much everything except gloves and a hat which you can buy right there (gloves are included in some packs). It also propose the "Penguin Encounter" activity where you interact and play with penguins (king and gentoo) A "Slope Session" pass costs 200 dirham for 2&nbps;hours or 300 dirham for full day, plus 20 dirham, for a locker. The "Snow Park" starts at 190 dirham, the pack with all activities unlimited "Ski Dubai Experience" costs 500 dirhams. Ski Dubai (Q1067672) on Wikidata
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mall_of_the_Emirates and https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ski_Dubai.

Dubai: Miracle Garden
M-F 09:00-21:00, Sa Su 09:00-22:00. A coloful and well maintained garden with more than 45 million flowers and numerous sculptures made out of flowers. Some visitors found it a bit too kitschy. 55 dirham.
The butterfly garden is just next-door.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dubai_Miracle_Garden.

Dubai: Museum of the Future
Daily 10:00-18:00. Branded as a "technology museum" many visitors consider it more of an expensive art exhibition. The building is outstanding though and looks particularly impressive in the dark. 145 dirham.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Museum_of_the_Future.

Dubai: Palm Jumeirah
The Palm islands are the best symbols of the boom and bust construction cycles in Dubai. The "oldest" Palm called Palm Jumeirah is completed and is host to the gigantic Atlantis Hotel on its top. Several marinas, hotels and condo are along the palm leaves. Palm Jumeirah has the densest collection of beach clubs in the city, which are popular with locals and tourists alike. Some beach clubs are part of hotels, while others are standalone restaurants. West Beach falls in the latter category and is dog-friendly.
The development of the other two Palms will depend on the financial situation of the construction business but someday Dubai will have the three largest artificial islands in the world on its coastline.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palm_Islands.
The Palm Jumeirah is an archipelago of artificial islands on the Persian Gulf in Jumeirah, Dubai, United Arab Emirates. It is part of a larger series of developments called the Palm Islands, including Palm Jebel Ali and Palm Deira, which, if completed, will together increase Dubai's shoreline by a total of 520 kilometres (320 mi).[1] It has an estimated population of at least 10,000 as of 2017.[2][needs update]
The islands were created using land reclamation. The construction was done as a joint venture by two Dutch specialist companies, Van Oord and Boskalis. The same companies also created The World. The recently opened destinations The Pointe, Club Vista Mare and Nakheel Mall are the latest additions to Palm Jumeirah.[3]
Taken from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palm_Jumeirah.

Dubai: Spice Souk
Also not a mall, but a historic market that has been a part of Dubai since the city's origin. Located at the mouth of the creek, it is not far from the Gold Souk, but declined a bit in the 2010s as supermarkets take over the spice trade. If you're shopping for spices, odds are you'll get better prices and quality with much less hassle at Carrefour. Both the Spice Souk and the Gold Souq are a rather hot and sweaty experience with limited air-conditioning, so wear appropriately cool, loose clothing if visiting in mid summer. Individual shops are air conditioned. Although regularly visited by tourists, none of the souks are considered a tourist area and as such modest dress should be worn to avoid causing offence or attracting unwanted attention.
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Dubai/Deira.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dubai_Spice_Souk.

Edge of the World
Amazingly steep and high cliffs in the middle of nowhere! Officially, the road to the sight is closed (apparently because two tourists fell over the cliff and died in 2021), but nobody that has a vehicle with sufficient all-terrain capabilities to drive pass the earth wall barriers cares. And by bicycle it's definitely possible!

Eilat
Eilat (אילת, aka Elat) is the only Israeli city on the Red Sea. Eilat (pop 85,000) is the southernmost town in Israel, isolated from the rest of the country by the Negev desert. It's sandwiched between Taba in Egypt and Aqaba in Jordan, and often used as an access route to those cities because of its large modern Ramon airport.
Eilat is at the southernmost tip of the country, with its "window on the Red Sea". It is first and foremost a resort town devoted to sun, fun, diving, partying and desert-based activities. Sprawled along 7 km of Red Sea coastline, between the borders of Egypt and Jordan, it offers spectacular views of the Gulf of Eilat (Aqaba).
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Eilat.

Ein Avdat
Su-Th Sa 8AM-4PM, F 8AM-5PM; during DST open for 1 additional hour. A creek in the cliff side where the mighty Zin stream, going west to east, descends from the highland and starts forming the deep Zin basin. This is the only section of the stream which flows all year long, thanks to the Avdat spring at its top. The water are brackish (that is, midway between salt and sweet water) and it is forbidden to enter the ponds (a regulation constantly enforced by the local rangers), but they do create a beautiful sight and attract a lot of animals, mainly ibexes, hyraxes and several bird species. Coming from the top entrance, you'll only be allowed to reach the viewpoint on the ridge, offering a great view of the creek and the basin, then you'll have to turn and go back. However, coming from the bottom, you can walk inside the creek itself, along the water, then either turn back or ascend the Via Ferrata steps out of the creek, to reach the top entrance. The walk is fit for children and should take a family around 30 minutes. However, in high season (mainly the Passover holiday in April) the place could be packed, and hiker "traffic jams" of are likely to occur. Adult ₪28, student ₪23, child/senior ₪14; combined tickets with Avdat are available.
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Sde_Boker.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ein_Avdat.

Ein Muda Warm Spring
Natural 24 °C warm spring water is directed into an artifical pool. Very nice for swimming and resting. There is a sign that prohibits camping but nobody cared when we did it anyway.

En Gedi
Ein Gedi is a Kibbutz and nearby oasis (and official Nature Reserve) set in stunning desert canyons, which are great for hiking and experiencing nature. Also features the remains of a synagogue in the Old City Eye - Capricorn, from the Byzantine period, including a mosaic floor well preserved. The close-by public beach at the Dead Sea is closed now due to sink holes, but there is another one a few kilometres south. ₪27 for the Ein Gedi Nature Reserve.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ein_Gedi.

Euphrates
The Euphrates (/juːˈfreɪtiːz/ ⓘ yoo-FRAY-teez; see below) is the longest and one of the most historically important rivers of Western Asia. Together with the Tigris, it is one of the two defining rivers of Mesopotamia (lit. 'the land between the rivers'). Originating in Turkey, the Euphrates flows through Syria and Iraq to join the Tigris in the Shatt al-Arab, which empties into the Persian Gulf.
The Euphrates is the fifteenth-longest river in Asia and the longest in Western Asia, at about 2,780 km (1,730 mi), with a drainage area of 440,000 km2 (170,000 sq mi) that covers six countries.
Taken from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Euphrates.
For a lot more see there.
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Failaka Island
A port with many old dhows, Failaka Island can be reached by regular ferry services. There are also some Bronze Age and Greek archaeological sites well worth viewing, including the island's Greek temple. Failaka Island was named Ikarus by the Greeks who, under Alexander the Great, established an outpost in the island. Failaka was heavily damaged during the Iraqi invasion. Plans are underway to develop the island into a large-scale tourist attraction. KD 3.
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Kuwait.

Gamla Nature Reserve
Winter 08:00-16:00, summer 08:00-17:00, closing one hour earlier on Fridays and eve of holidays. A picturesque nature reserve and archaeological site of a Jewish stronghold from 87 BCE. Gamla means a "camel" in Hebrew, the name of the hill top location clearly taking its name from a resemblance to a camel's hump.
Gamla was the capital of the Golan Heights in the 1st century. In 66 CE, along with other Jewish cities in the region, it launched a rebellion against Roman rule. After a siege the city was conquered, and its inhabitants were either killed or threw themselves from the cliff at the edge of the city. Nowadays the city has been partly excavated, and fortifications as well as a synagogue can be seen.
There are several trails at the site, some of which will be challenging for people who are out of shape or hike rarely. The Gamla waterfall trail is accessible until 14:00/15:00 (winter/summer). The Gamla ancient town trail is accessible until 13:00/14:00 (winter/summer). Also, the steep and tall cliffs at Gamla form the perfect habitat for griffin vultures. ₪28/24/14 adult/student/child.
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Golan_Heights.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gamla_nature_reserve.

Gush Etzion: Bubble House
A bizarre residential house where every room looks from the outside like a bubble or eyeball.
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Gush_Etzion.

Gush Etzion: Lone Oak Tree
A 700-year-old oak tree next to the settlement of Alon Shevut. When Gush Etzion was destroyed in 1948 and the residents expelled to Israel, this tree was the only remnant of their settlement. Former residents would gather periodically on the West Bank border to gaze towards the tree. After 1967, they fulfilled their dream of returning, and the tree is at the center of Gush Etzion once again.
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Gush_Etzion.

Gush Etzion: Biyar aqueduct
An underground aqueduct constructed by King Herod (2000 years ago) to bring water from Gush Etzion to Jerusalem. You can explore the aqueduct, but bring a flashlight and prepare to get wet and muddy.
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Gush_Etzion.

Haifa: Bahai Gardens and World Center
Th-Tu. The shrine of the Bab closed at noon when we were there.
The gardens and world centre on Mount Carmel's northern slope area a must-see for any visitor to Haifa. Comprising the golden-domed Shrine of the Báb, terraced gardens and administrative buildings, the World Centre is the holiest site of pilgrimage for the members of the Bahá'í faith, as well as the faith's central administrative center. The gardens are stunning and well worth visiting if you are in Haifa. Only parts of the site can be accessed freely without joining the tour – this includes the bottom entrance and the level at the dome. Top, middle, and bottom parts have separate entrances that are far apart, and the middle part has a dress code. The tours are free and no reservation is required, unless you are a group of 25 or more. Check their website to find out when the tours take place.
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Haifa.

Haifa: German Colony
In 1868 members of German Templer Society (not to be confused with the Knights Templar) purchased land that was far from the city and set out to build the first planned agricultural community in the Holy Land. Many of the original templar houses have been preserved and have undergone restoration in the last decade of 20th century. Now the main street of the former colony (Ben-Gurion Boulevard) is a promenade, with many restaurants and coffee shops. Some examples of good places in the German Colony are Havana Plus, a hookah bar with a full service bar; Milagro, a restaurant that provides great beer on tap and live music after 8PM; and Isabella, one of the finer restaurants in the area. The City History Museum and the local Tourist Board are also located here. Free.
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Haifa.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/German_Colony,_Haifa.

Haifa: Karmelit
The Carmelit (Hebrew: כַּרְמְלִית Arabic: كرمليت) is an underground funicular railway in Haifa, Israel. Construction started in 1956 and ended in 1959. It is the oldest underground transit system in the Middle East and was the only underground transit system in Israel until the 2023 opening of Tel Aviv Light Rail.[3] The Carmelit has closed down for repair on three occasions.
Taken from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carmelit.

Haifa: Wadi Ninsas
Haifa's largest Arab neighbourhood with a bustling pedestrian zone and outdoor art. "Holiday of the Holidays" is held there between December and January.
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Haifa.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wadi_Nisnas.

HaMakhtesh HaKatan
Unlike the Ramon Crater and Large Crater, this one can actually be seen by the bare eye at once and might even fit onto a photo frame. Best to be seen from the Observation Point on the western rim. Noticeable are the upwards bended rims of the crater, due to the push from underneath. At the south eastern side, a great opening is visible which was either created from out-floating lava or during time from the rain washing aside this barrier.
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Negev.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HaMakhtesh_HaKatan.

Hatta
Hatta is an exclave of the Emirate of Dubai and is basically a touristic outpost of that emirate. There is an heritage village, lots of palm tree yards (i.e. it can be called an oasis) and a dam with a reservoir on which you can do all kinds of watersports. What's nice is that many roads feature nicely built bike paths.
Note bicycle travellers can camp for free at Muhammed's bicycle traveller camp "Hubbers MTB Hub" at 24.814377, 56.160240. It's also on Warmshowers.

HaTzabim Bridge
You can see 1/2 to 1 meter-long African soft-shell turtles in the water under this bridge and in front of the park. Any season is good to visit except winter - turtles are less active then. It is forbidden to feed them, and they can bite, so don't get too close. Nevertheless, the main reason why they come here is probably because people feed them. There is also a car park, rest area & viewing tower. Also, if you are into delicious grapefruit, there is a convenient (open) plantation just south of the rest area.
The Turtle Bridge is part of the Alexander Stream National Park - Bet Yanai Beach and national park rules apply, although this sight requires no admission. The national park has camping options, but you might even consider camping at the rest area or on top of the viewing tower near the turtle bridge if you arrive late and leave early – review the relevant signposts.
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Israeli_Coastal_Plain.

Hebron
The only city in the West Bank with a mixed Arab-Jewish population. Of course, it's not a peaceful mix, but a divided city.
Hebron is mentioned in the Bible as the home of Abraham, and the burial place of him and several generations of his family. In King David's time, Hebron was briefly the capital of the Israelite state, before the capital moved to Jerusalem. Today, Hebron is holy to both Muslims and Jews due to its association with Abraham. (Christianity is also an Abrahamic religion, but Christians haven't paid as much attention to Hebron.)
The Jewish population of Hebron was evacuated after Arabs killed nearly 70 of them in 1929. After the 1967 war, a few Jews resettled the Jewish quarter. Today, about 500 Jews live in part of the old city of Hebron under continual Israel Defense Force protection, and with a ratio of four Israeli soldiers for each Israeli settler.
Today, the city of Hebron is home to about 500 Jews and 200,000 Palestinians. The Jewish settlement of Kiryat Arba (population 8,000) is a separate city immediately adjacent to Hebron. Hebron is divided into two sectors: H1 is entirely Palestinian and includes about 80% of the city's residents, while H2 contains all the Jews and the remainder of the Arabs. H1 is under full Palestinian control (i.e. Area A), while H2 is under full Israel control. The Cave of the Patriarchs, the main holy site in the city, is on the border between H1 and H2.
This has been one of the tensest places between Jews and Palestinians, as in Hebron both sides here tend to be more extreme and violent than the average for their ethnic groups. Jews here have the 1929 massacre on their minds, while Palestinians have Baruch Goldstein's 1994 massacre of praying Muslims on theirs. This is not a good place to express your opinion on the Israeli/Palestinian conflict. Even Jewish residents here have an often-hostile relationship with the Israel army, because they see it as being too accommodating to Palestinians. Unfortunately, the 2017 declaration of the Old Town as a UNESCO world heritage site has done little to ease the tensions, as the Israeli government protested its classification as an "endangered" "Palestinian" site, despite its Jewish heritage.
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Hebron.

Hebron: Old City
The Old City of Hebron (Hebrew: עיר העתיקה של חברון Arabic: البلدة القديمة الخليل) is the historic city centre of Hebron in the West Bank, Palestine. The Hebron of antiquity is thought by archaeologists to have originally started elsewhere, at Tel Rumeida, which is approximately 200 meters (660 ft) west of today's Old City, and thought to have originally been a Canaanite city. Today's Old City was settled in Greek or Roman times (circa 3rd to 1st centuries BCE). It became the center of the overall Hebron site during the Abbasid Caliphate (which began circa 750 CE).
The Old City is built around the Cave of the Patriarchs, the traditional burial site of the biblical Patriarchs and Matriarchs, and venerated by Jews, Christians, and Muslims. The Old City is a sensitive location in the Israeli–Palestinian conflict in Hebron.
Taken from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Old_City_of_Hebron.

Hebron: View Point
From the road go along the side wall of the building to the north-east side of the building to reach a staircase that will bring you up to the roof top. You'll have a great view over Hebron.

Hebron: Cave of the Patriarchs
The main religious site in the city. The cave, where the Patriarchs and their wives are buried, is deep underground. Now, people pray in a building on top of the cave, built by King Herod about 2000 years ago. The building is divided into Muslim and Jewish sections. Visitors are welcome to visit both sides when they are not being used for scheduled prayer. The Muslim side provides cloaks for women to cover up when visiting. The Muslim side contains the only known entrance to the Cave below (it is locked by a marble door), as well as the tomb-markers of Isaac and Rebecca. The tomb-markers of Abraham and Sarah lie on the border of both the Muslim and Jewish sections, while the Jewish section contains the tomb-markers of Jacob and Leah. Most of the time, half of the building is used for Muslim and half for Jewish prayer. On a few predetermined days each year, each religion gets to use the entire building. For the Jews, in addition to the normal holidays, one of these days is "Shabbat Chayei Sarah" each fall, on which thousands of people from all of Israel visit Hebron to commemorate Abraham's purchase of the Cave from its previous Hittite owners. For the Muslims, it is on Fridays during Ramadan, and during the Eid al Fitr and Eid al Adha holiday, commemorating Abraham's willingness to sacrifice his son. The Cave of the Patriarchs is a UNESCO World Heritage Site, and the contested recognition of it led the US's and Israel's 2017 decision to leave the UNESCO on 31 Dec 2018.
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Hebron.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cave_of_the_Patriarchs.

Hefer Lake/Park
A lake which attracts masses of birds during migration seasons. Paths and boardwalks have been set up in order to see the birds easily.
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Israeli_Coastal_Plain.

Hejaz Railway
The Hejaz railway (also spelled Hedjaz or Hijaz; Arabic: سِكَّة حَدِيد الحِجَاز sikkat ḥadīd al-ḥijāz or Arabic: الخَط الحَدِيدِي الحِجَازِي, Ottoman Turkish: حجاز دمیریولی, Turkish: Hicaz Demiryolu) was a narrow-gauge railway (1,050 mm / 3 ft 5+11⁄32 in track gauge) that ran from Damascus to Medina, through the Hejaz region of modern day Saudi Arabia.
It was a part of the Ottoman railway network and the original goal was to extend the line from the Haydarpaşa Terminal in Kadıköy, Istanbul beyond Damascus to the Islamic holy city of Mecca. However, construction was interrupted due to the outbreak of World War I, and it reached only to Medina, 400 kilometres (250 mi) short of Mecca. The completed Damascus to Medina section was 1,300 kilometres (810 mi).
The main purpose of the railway was to establish a connection between Istanbul, the capital of the Ottoman Empire and the seat of the Islamic Caliphate, and Hejaz in Arabia, the site of the holiest shrines of Islam and Mecca, the destination of the Hajj annual pilgrimage. Other objectives were to improve the economic and political integration of the distant Arabian provinces into the Ottoman state, and to facilitate the transportation of military forces.
Taken from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hejaz_railway.
The railway was opened in 1908 and closed in the end of World War I in 1920. Today, the railway is still operated in parts in Jordan, but the tracks have been removed on the strech in Saudi Arabia. However, also in Saudia Arabia, many train station buildings as well as the track bed is still visible.
name:

Herodion
A fortress built by Herod the Great. The site of King Herod's manmade mountain and his tomb, which was discovered in 2007. Herodium is administered by the Israel Nature & National Parks Protection Authority. ₪29/25/19 adult/student/child.
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/West_Bank.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herodium.

Hidden Cave
Big cave hall with a tiny entrance hole. The hole is in the floor and you have to climb to a leader. It's extremly hot and humid down there and there's a strange smell. So you don't need to plan a lot of time for exploring the place because you will quickly want to get out of there again.

Hofuf: Ibrahim Palace
Located in the down town of Hafuf this is a palace of Ibrahim Basha of Egypt. Surrounded by 10 meter high wall spread of 7-8 acres castle is made of mud.
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Hofuf.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qasr_Ibrahim.

Hofuf: Jawatha Mosque
The mosque where Friday prayers were offered for the first time outside Medina in 8th Hijri (Around 630 AD).
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Hofuf.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jawatha_Mosque.

Hofuf: Jebel Gara
A mountain of mud with natural caves and sulci.
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Hofuf.

Izki Old Town
Another of the huge old town of abandoned clay houses that can be explored from the outside and from the inside.

Jenin: Cinema Jenin
One of the best and interesting guest houses/hostels in the West Bank. It is cosy and clean, and has an interesting history due to its related cinema. Five dormitories of 8-10 beds each, including 2 women-only dormitories. ₪75/175/250 dorm/single/double.
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Jenin.

Jenin: Freedom Theatre
A theatre in the refugee camp hosting a large variety of plays and productions, many concerning the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. With its dedication to bringing art to the community the Freedom Theatre is a visible and well-known institution in Jenin. The theatre is also accepts volunteers from the artistic community. For visitors, there's a small café within the theatre complex.
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Jenin.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Freedom_Theatre.

Jenin: German Memorial
Since Germans were stationed here to construct an airport north of Jenin to help the Turkish troops, this memorial is in honour of the German pilots who died in air battles with England and France in World War I.
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Jenin.

Jenin: Refugee Camp
Established by the UNRWA in 1953, now holds about 15,000 inhabitants and became a "symbol of resistance" to Israeli occupation in 2002 during the battle of Jenin. The Refugee Camp is not a refugee camp in the sense of western imagination but a packed part of town with Palestinians displaced from the rest of the country. The UNRWA Jenin Relief Office is in the middle of the northern road.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jenin_refugee_camp.

Jenin: Ottoman Railway Station
Built by the Turks in 1908 with the help of the German allies. Used until 1932 for civilian purposes and afterwards, until 1941, for military ones. Unfortunately, the building is slowly falling apart and not taken care of.

Jenin: St. George Church
This small town holds the 3 St. George Church with the cave where Jesus is said to have cured the 10 lepers. It's considered the 3rd oldest church in the world (400-500 AD), and it's one of 5 of the oldest churches found in Israel. The interior is rather beautiful and worth a visit but simple. It still contains an old part of the original cave-like Byzantine building where the 10 lepers were supposedly "kept" and handed food through a hole in the ceiling. Furthermore, on the site of the church, there is a hole in the ground with a ladder down into a cave which was used for prayers and contains numerous white on black writings – an interesting must-see. The local priest also has a guest house available (not inside of the church) which he can offer, in case you want to stay in Burqin over night.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burqin_Church.

Jerash
Summer 07:30-19:00; winter 08:00-17:00. The Temple of Artemis and the temple right after the entrance overlooking the Oval Plaza have hidden staircases in their walls, which allow you to climb up the ruins, having a great view of the surrounding area - be careful, there is no barrier at the top to prevent you falling off the ancient buildings. 10 JD for foreign visitors (0.5 JD for locals); free with Jordan Pass.
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Jerash.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jerash.

Jerash: Agora
The city's main food market, which has a central fountain.
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Jerash.

Jerash: Arch of Hadrian
Built in 129 AD to mark Emperor Hadrian's visit, this was intended to become the new southern gate of the city.
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Jerash.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arch_of_Hadrian_(Jerash).

Jerash: Artemis-Tempel
Impressive temple ruins dedicated to the patron goddess of the city.

Jerash: Cardo Maximus
A 600-m (660-yard) colonnaded street that runs the length of the city. It was once lined with the city's major buildings, shops and residences. A complex drainage system lies below the stone paving. Look for chariot tracks in the stone.

Jerash: Hippodrome
A partially restored Roman-era stadium. At only 245 m long and 52 m wide, it was the smallest hippodrome in the Roman Empire. The costumed centurion will expect 1 JD for a photo.

Jerash: Nymphäum
The city's main food market, which has a central fountain.An ornate public fountain that was decorated with lions heads and dedicated to the nymphs.

Jerash: Oval Plaza
An unusual wide, asymmetrical plaza at the beginning of the Cardo (or Colonnaded Street), built in the 1st century AD. The Oval Plaza is 80 m by 90 m (262 ft by 295 ft) and is enclosed by 160 Ionic columns.

Jerash: Southern Theatre
An amphitheatre that seats up to 3000. It is occasionally used today for concerts and musical productions. Daily features include bag pipers in traditional Jordanian military dress.

Jerash: Temple of Zeus
Above the temple there is the South Theater and another temple from which you have a great view onto the Oval Plaza.

Jericho
A relatively tranquil town, Jericho's reputation for calm and lack of security incidents in the midst of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict has made it a natural destination for West Bank visitors. Because Jericho is a tourist-orientated town, the Palestinian Authority goes to great lengths to make sure Jericho remains safe to visit. There is a constant tourist-police presence in the city and English is spoken by many in the town.
The modern town of Jericho includes the ancient mound known as Tell es-Sultan, the accumulated remains of cities that have existed on the site for some 9,000 years - the Neolithic period. Archaeology reveals that Jericho is one of the oldest human settlements in the Middle East.
Jericho, of course, is probably best known for its Biblical associations: (song) "Joshua fought the battle of Jericho - and the walls came tumbling down!"
Due to its location nearly 400 meters below sea level, Jericho is extremely hot in the summer!
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Jericho.

Jericho: Hisham's Palace
08:00-17:00. This winter palace was built by the Umayyad Caliph Hisham Ibn Abdul Malek, before being destroyed by an earthquake soon after completion in 747 CE. The extensive site contains royal buildings, a mosque, water fountains and spectacular mosaic floors. The mosaics are closed for restoration works until mid-late 2020. ₪10, students ₪7.
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Jericho.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hisham%27s_Palace.

Jericho: Qasr al-Yahud
Located near Jericho on the Jordan River is the site where Jesus is said to have been baptised by John the Baptist in the Jordan River (this site in Jericho is rivalled by another in Northern Israel at Yardenit). It is also believed to be the spot described in the Old Testament where the Israelites crossed the river to enter the Land of Canaan.
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Jericho.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qasr_al-Yahud.

Jericho: Quruntal (Mountain of Temptation)
A Greek Orthodox monastery atop the mountain where Jesus is believed to have been tempted by the Devil. It houses two Greek Orthodox priests. One arrived from Greece in November 2010 when he was 30, and will stay there for the rest of his life. The other has been there for decades. From this precarious rocky spot, you get a great view of Jericho and the Jordan Valley towards Amman. Hike up to the top of the mountain, or else take the world's longest cable car below sea level from the base of the mountain.

Jericho: Tel es-Sultan
This site is the center of archaeological digs in Jericho. It was the location of the ancient Jericho of the Biblical times and is located some 2 km north-west of the modern city centre, overlooking the natural spring of Ein Sultan. If you prefer to focus on other things, then it is relatively easy to see the gist of the site from the surrounding roads. The site's car park features not one but two separate fountains both claiming to be Elisha's spring. A UNESCO World Heritage Site since 2023. ₪10 (intl. students ₪7).
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tell_es-Sultan.

Jericho: Tree of Zacchaeus
Russian museum and Sycamore Tree (Tree of Zacchaeus). Based on archaeological excavations of Byzantine buildings, artifacts of Roman/Byzantine/Islamic periods, ancient mosaics, and there is the Zacchaeus tree in the beautiful park. This tree is referenced in the New Testament due to its association with Jesus' visit to Jericho: "Jesus entered Jericho and was passing through it. Now a man named Zacchaeus was there; he was a chief tax collector and was rich. He was trying to get a look at Jesus, but being a short man he could not see over the crowd. So he ran on ahead and climbed up into a sycamore tree to see him, because Jesus was going to pass that way." (Luke 19:1-4, NET Bible). ₪5, just for the garden & tree (the museum is ₪20), group (10 persons) ₪100.

Jericho: Monastery of Gerasimus of the Jordan
Daily 08:00-18:00. The Greek Orthodox monastery of Deir Hajla near Jericho commemorates St. Gerasimus, whose lavra was nearby. Gerasimus left his family wealth and worldly affairs to become a monk. He departed for the region Thebaid in the Egyptian desert, later again returning to his native Lycia. About the middle of 5th century Saint Gerasimus went to Palestine and settled in wilderness near the Jordan River. There he established a monastery and became known for his righteous life of asceticism and prayer. The story of Gerasimus and the lion, when the saint tamed the animal by removing a thorn from its paw and taught it obedience, became widely known in the Christian world. He is reputed to have attended to the Fourth Ecumenical Council at Chalcedon in 451.The history of the monastery is also linked to another Christian narrative. Mary, Joseph and the infant Jesus were said to have found refuge in a cave here during their flight from Herod. An underground chapel was built on the spot where the Holy Family is believed to have spent the night. The crypt floor also contains the bones of monks who were massacred during the Persian conquest of the Holy Land.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deir_Hajla

Jericho: Wadi Qelt Synagogue
This synagogue is thought to be the oldest synagogue in the world. It is part of the "Jericho Royal Winter Palace" complex that was constructed in the Second Temple Period.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wadi_Qelt_Synagogue.

Jerusalem: 9/11 Living Memorial Plaza
A memorial to the victims of the 9/11 attacks in the US. On a rural forested hill within Jerusalem city limits.
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Jerusalem/West.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/9/11_Living_Memorial_Plaza.

Jerusalem: Al-Aqsa Mosque
The point from where Mohammad is believed to have ascended to heaven. This association has made the building the third-holiest site in Islam after Mecca and Medina. Construction of the mosque began less than 20 years after the completion of the Dome of the Rock. Al-Aqsa has undergone many changes since its original construction. When the Crusaders captured Jerusalem in the 11th century, al-Aqsa became the headquarters of the Templars. The mosque's design pales in comparison to the Dome of the Rock and is permanently off-limits to non-Muslim visitors.
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Jerusalem/Old_City.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Aqsa_Mosque.
Die al-Aqsa-Moschee (arabisch المسجد الأقصى al-masdschid al-aqsa, DMG al-masǧid al-ʾaqṣā ‚die ferne Kultstätte‘; hebräisch מִסְגַּד אַל-אַקְצָא Misgad al-Aqzā) oder Al-Aksa-Moschee ist eine Moschee auf dem Tempelberg in der Jerusalemer Altstadt. Sie gilt als drittwichtigste Moschee des Islams nach der al-Harām-Moschee mit dem zentralen Heiligtum der Kaaba in Mekka und der Prophetenmoschee mit dem Grab des islamischen Propheten Mohammed in Medina. Zu der Moschee gehören vier Minarette.
Name
Der heutige Name al-masdschid al-aqsā („Die ferne Kultstätte“) nimmt Bezug auf den ersten Vers der 17. Sure des Koran, den Rudi Paret wie folgt übersetzt:[1]
„Gepriesen sei der, der mit seinem Diener (d. h. Mohammed) bei Nacht von der heiligen Kultstätte (in Mekka) nach der fernen Kultstätte (in Jerusalem), deren Umgebung wir gesegnet haben, reiste […]“
Die al-Aqsa-Moschee wurde als die im Koran genannte „ferne Kultstätte“ verstanden. Tatsächlich wurde sie jedoch erst ca. 90 Jahre nach dem im Koran geschilderten Ereignis erbaut.
In der Gegenwart wird sie im Arabischen mit folgenden Worten umschrieben: die erste der beiden Gebetsrichtungen (d. h. Jerusalem vor Mekka) und die dritte der beiden Heiligen Stätten (d. h. nach Mekka und Medina).[2]
Vorgeschichte
Im Bereich der Moschee stand der Herodianische Tempel, den König Herodes um 20 v. Chr. errichten ließ und der 70 n. Chr. im Jüdischen Krieg von den Römern unter Titus zerstört wurde.[3] Vom Tempel ist heute nur noch die westliche Stützmauer, die sog. Klagemauer, erhalten. Vor den israelischen Grabungen im Jüdischen Altstadtviertel nahm man an, dass die von dem byzantinischen Kaiser Justinian I. um 530 errichtete christliche Kirche, die der Seligen Jungfrau geweiht war, an der Stelle der späteren Al-Aqsa-Moschee gestanden habe. Diese Kirche wurde im Jahre 614 im Rahmen der Eroberung Jerusalems durch den sassanidischen Großkönig Chosrau II. zerstört und auch nach der Rückeroberung der Stadt durch die Byzantiner 628 als Ruine belassen, schrieb beispielsweise Adrian Fortescue 1910 in einem Beitrag für die Catholic Encyclopedia.[4] Bei Reparaturen nach dem Erdbeben 1927 entdeckte der britische Archäologe Robert William Hamilton (1905–1995) ein Mosaik, das er in die byzantinische Zeit datierte. Es wurde 2008 wiederentdeckt und publiziert.[5] Heute ist Konsens, dass sich die Nea-Kirche Justinians nicht auf dem Tempelberg befand, sondern auf einem Stadthügel südwestlich davon errichtet wurde.[6]
Nach der Eroberung Jerusalems durch den Kalifen Umar ibn al-Chattab im Jahr 638 ließ dieser am Ort der heutigen al-Aqsa-Moschee das erste Moscheegebäude aus Holz errichten.[7]
Geschichte
Nachdem Kalif Abd al-Malik um 692 den Felsendom hatte fertigstellen lassen, ließ er auch den hölzernen Vorgängerbau abreißen und an dessen Stelle die steinerne al-Aqsa-Moschee errichten. Papyri aus Aphrodito in Oberägypten verweisen darauf, dass die Arbeiten zwischen 706 und 717 stattfanden.[8]
Bei der Eroberung Jerusalems 1099 kamen durch das Heer des Ersten Kreuzzugs hier zahlreiche Menschen zu Tode, die in der Moschee Schutz gesucht hatten. Das Kreuzfahrer-Königreich Jerusalem nutzte das Gebäude ab 1104 vorübergehend als Königspalast, bevor nahe dem Davidsturm ein neuer Palast fertiggestellt wurde. In dieser Zeit wurden

Jerusalem: Armenien Quarter
Located at the southern part of the Old City and has been inhabited by Jews for centuries (before the Crusades, Jews were concentrated in the northern part of the Old City). The Jewish Quarter was destroyed during the 1948 war but rebuilt by the Israeli government after 1967.
The Armenian Quarter is the smallest and quietest of the four. The quarter runs itself as a city within a city (within a city...), shutting the gates of its courtyards when night falls.
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Jerusalem/Old_City.
The Armenian Quarter (Armenian: Հայկական Թաղամաս, Haygagan T'aġamas, Arabic: حارة الأرمن, Ḩārat al-Arman) is the smallest of the four quarters of the Old City. Although the Armenians are Christian, the Armenian Quarter is distinct from the Christian Quarter. Despite the small size and population of this quarter, the Armenians and their Patriarchate remain staunchly independent and form a vigorous presence in the Old City. After the 1948 Arab–Israeli War, the four quarters of the city came under Jordanian control. Jordanian law required Armenians and other Christians to "give equal time to the Bible and Qur'an" in private Christian schools, and restricted the expansion of church assets.[citation needed] The 1967 war is remembered by residents of the quarter as a miracle, after two unexploded bombs were found inside the Armenian monastery. Today, more than 3,000 Armenians live in Jerusalem, 500 of them in the Armenian Quarter.[51][52] Some are temporary residents studying at the seminary or working as church functionaries. The Patriarchate owns the land in this quarter as well as valuable property in West Jerusalem and elsewhere. In 1975, a theological seminary was established in the Armenian Quarter. After the 1967 war, the Israeli government gave compensation for repairing any churches or holy sites damaged in the fighting, regardless of who caused the damage.
Taken from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Old_City_of_Jerusalem.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Armenian_Quarter.
name:

Jerusalem: Armenisches Musem
09:00-16:30. Located slightly down the street from Saint James Cathedral, it is housed in what was once either the monastery or the guest house for the Armenian Monastery of Saint James. The museum holds an impressive and very well documented collection demonstrating the history of Armenia both religious and secular. Even for those who are not usually museum goers, it is an easily accessible, yet informative glimpse into Armenians long history. In addition, the grounds are very beautiful with a double story colonnade built around a central court yard. ₪5 adults / ₪3 students.
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Jerusalem/Old_City.

Jerusalem: Around the world in 92 days
A multistory painting which depicts the world as seen from Jerusalem in "wide-eyed, childlike" form. Located on the wall of the Gerard Behar Center in Jerusalem. Cross to the north side of the street for a good view of the painting, with explanatory posts mounted in the sidewalk in front of you.
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Jerusalem/West.

Jerusalem: Bible Lands Museum
Su-Tu and Th 09:30-17:30, W 09:30AM-21:30, F and holiday eves 09:30-14:00. Laid out chronologically, the Bible Lands Museum provides a detailed look at the ancient societies of the Middle East. The museum's wide range of artifacts from around the region, including among others Egyptian, Minoan, and early Christian works, appeal to a variety of different segments. ₪28, pensioner ₪23, child ₪15, other concessions available.
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Jerusalem/West.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bible_Lands_Museum.

Jerusalem: Bird Observatory
A small patch of wetlands, with a concealed location where you can watch birds without disturbing them. Interesting birds are probably most frequent during the spring and autumn migrations. You are encouraged to bring bird food (seeds and so on) to spread in front of you to attract the birds to near you. Be quiet!

Jerusalem: Cable Car Museum
In 1948, Mount Zion was an isolated Jewish outpost exposed to Arab snipers on the Old City walls. A cable car was built between West Jerusalem and Mount Zion to safely provide supplies to Mount Zion. In this small museum, you can see the original cable car, as well as documents and other buildings relating to it. It was built as a hospital; now it is the Mount Zion Hotel, and the museum is inside the hotel.

Jerusalem: Cardo
Once running nearly the entire length of the Old City from north to south, the Cardo is an excavated and partially reconstructed section of the Jerusalem's main thoroughfare in the Byzantine era. Visitors can get a good idea of how the whole once looked by descending to the 200 m (650 ft) section alongside the Jewish Quarter. The central roadway was 12.5 m (41 ft) wide and lined with shops. The pillars from that time still stand. Today in part, the Cardo contains an exclusive, covered shopping arcade.

Jerusalem: Chamber of the Holocaust
Su–Th 08:00–17:00, F 08:00–13:00. Located directly opposite the Tomb of David on Mount Zion, this small museum is maintained by the Diaspora Yeshiva. The collection includes Holocaust artifacts, artwork inspired by the Holocaust, an exhibit of anti-Semitic publications throughout history, and memorials to individuals and communities that perished. It differs from Yad Vashem in that it puts the Holocaust in more of a Jewish-religious context. ₪12.
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Jerusalem/East.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chamber_of_the_Holocaust.

Jerusalem: Chords Bridge
Designed by starchitect Santiago Calatrava, this monumental bridge carries the light rail over a major intersection at the entrance to Jerusalem. The bridge covers a vast sweeping span supported only by metal chords stretched at oblique angles. You can also walk across on a pedestrian path.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chords_Bridge.

Jerusalem: Christian Quarter
Located in the northwest part of the Old City. The quarter contains the Church of the Holy Sepulchre, one of Christianity's holiest places.
The Christian Quarter, the result of rapid expansion under Byzantine rule, is in the northwest corner of the city and is home to a bewildering array of churches, patriarchates and hospices of the city's many Christian denominations. The quarter is served by the Jaffa Gate and the New Gate.
The Christian Quarter (Arabic: حارة النصارى, Ḩārat an-Naşāra) is situated in the northwestern corner of the Old City, extending from the New Gate in the north, along the western wall of the Old City as far as the Jaffa Gate, along the Jaffa Gate – Western Wall route in the south, bordering the Jewish and Armenian Quarters, as far as the Damascus Gate in the east, where it borders the Muslim Quarter. The quarter contains the Church of the Holy Sepulchre, viewed by many as Christianity's holiest place.
Taken from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Old_City_of_Jerusalem.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christian_Quarter.

Jerusalem: Church of the Flagellation
Daily: Apr-Sep 07:00–18:00, Oct-Mar 07:00–17:00. Owned by the Franciscans, this site is traditionally held to be where Christ was flogged by Roman soldiers prior to his crucifixion. Opposite the courtyard is the Chapel of the Condemnation, built on the site popularly identified with the trial of Christ before Pontius Pilate. Admission is free.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Church_of_the_Flagellation.

Jerusalem: Church of the Holy Sepulchre
Daily in the summer 05:00-21:00, and in the winter 04:00-19:00.
The Holy Sepulchre is a large building spanning several areas in which Christ is believed by Christians to have been crucified and died, was buried, and then rose from the dead on the third day. Eastern Orthodox Christians, Roman Catholics, and Oriental Orthodox Christians are each allotted separate areas in the church dating largely to the time of Saladin. The Roman Catholics received their parts due almost purely to the Crusaders and, like all Roman Catholic shrines in the Holy Land, the Roman Catholic part is under the custodianship of the Terra Sancta (i.e. Franciscans).
Parts of the Holy Sepulchre are controlled by several different branches of the Christian Church, who have historically been somewhat at odds with each other. It is important to note that the "church" is not one church in the sense of a building with an altar and podium near the front, but rather a "warehouse" of churches even for each denomination present: each has several altars and chapels. The Orthodox Church makes up the largest of the churches there and is situated in the center directly to the east and in front of the Sepulcher as well as at Golgatha. The Armenians have several smaller altars and chapels throughout the edifice as well as a fairly large church called "Saint Helen's" but often referred to as "Saint Gregory (the Illuminator of Armenia)." The Roman Catholics have two chapels, the Ethiopians have one in addition to a monastery on the roof, the Copts have a small altar behind the Sepulchre itself, and there is a small yet beautiful Syriac chapel up some stairs near the Coptic altar, though it is usually closed. There are even what are known as "ecumenical altars" set up on the sides in various areas which are apparently almost purely decoration and are rarely if ever used. There are many pathways and exploring here makes for a few hours of fun for those who love religious art and architecture.
The best time to come is early in the morning and make your way out by 11:00. Even after sundown it is incredibly crowded. Be warned though, if you are wearing shorts, you might be barred access to the building itself but if not, then certainly to individual churches and without a doubt to the sepulchre. Women should have their shoulders covered, no cleavage, and dresses should go below the knee. Do not wear anything which might be considered even the slightest bit risqué. If you do not oblige, they will turn you back.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Church_of_the_Holy_Sepulchre.

Jerusalem: Cinema City
A modern movie theater/shopping mall. Full of loud flashing signs and life-sized movie character figurines, it is the definition of tacky. You'll spend the rest of your trip wondering how they got approval to build it across the street from the Supreme Court. But it is a reasonable place to get lunch after a trip to the Knesset, or to see a movie.

Jerusalem: City of David
Su–Th 08:00–19:00; F 08:00–17:00 (from October to March, till 17:00 and 13:00, respectively); last entrance two hours before the closing time. To get here, exit the Old City through Dung Gate (by the Kotel), turn left, and then take the first street on your right. The site comprises two archeological findings. The City of David is the oldest part of Jerusalem with remains of buildings up to the city's capture by the Babylonians in 586 BC. The ruins include 13th century BC walls, as well as fortifications and fragments of a palace attributed to David, the second king of Israel. ₪25-50.
The second thing is the Warren’s Shaft, the underground water system named after Charles Warren, its 19th-century discoverer. The system was built by the Jebusites to ensure a water supply during sieges. In the 10th century BC a tunnel (now known as a Canaanite tunnel) was dug to take water from the Gihon Spring to the fields of the Kidron valley. King Hezekiah had a new tunnel built to bring the spring water right into the city. Hezekiah's Tunnel ran 533 m (1,750 ft) from the spring to the Pool of Siloam in the southern end of the city. Now, the visitors have two options. You can either walk through the Hezekiah's (wet) tunnel or take the shorter Canaanite (dry) tunnel. In the wet tunnel, you will have to wade in thigh-deep water (flashlight and proper shoes are required). It takes about half an hour to pass through, and the ceiling is high in most places. The dry tunnel is really dry and quite narrow (in fact, it is a crack in the rock).
In front of the ticket office is a metal staircase leading down underneath the metal mesh floor. This takes you down to the "Large Stone Structure", which is claimed to be part of the building work undertaken by either David or Solomon, perhaps even being King David's palace. This claim, which is not without controversy, makes the site popular with earnest young Zionists. A building above this site houses a free film outlining Jewish history in the area. From the terrace behind the building an excellent view of Silwan and the ancient rock-cut tombs can be obtained.
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Jerusalem/East.

Jerusalem: Damascus Gate
On the northern side of the city (access from East Jerusalem), it is the most monumental of all the gates. The Damascus Gate has access staircases for the Ramparts Walk (see below) via the Roman Square Excavations. A taxi rank and some parking are available just outside the walls. A bus station and a light rail station are 2 blocks northeast of the gate.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Damascus_Gate.

Jerusalem: Dome of the Chain
Dome of the Chain (Arabic: قبة السلسلة, romanized: Qubbat al-Silsilah) is an Islamic free-standing domed building located adjacently east of the Dome of the Rock in the al-Aqsa Mosque compound in the Old City of Jerusalem. It is one of many small buildings that can be found scattered around the Temple Mount . Its exact historical use and significance are under scholarly debate. Erected in 691–92 CE,[1] the Dome of the Chain is one of the oldest surviving structures at the al-Aqsa Mosque compound.[2]
It was built by the Umayyads, became a Christian chapel under the Crusaders, was restored as an Islamic prayer house by the Ayyubids, and has been renovated by the Mamluks, Ottomans and the Jordanian-based waqf.
Taken from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dome_of_the_Chain.

Jerusalem: Dome of the Rock
Located in the middle of the sanctuary opposite of the Al-Aqsa Mosque, is probably the most dazzling and well-known landmark of Jerusalem, with its golden dome and octagonal blue walls adorned with calligraphy of Quranic verses. The Dome was built between 687-691 by the ninth Omayyad caliph, Abd al-Malik, atop the ruins of the Jewish Second Temple. The Dome is probably the most spectacular building in the Old City, thanks to a renovation in which dazzling gold donated by the King of Jordan in 1993 was layered over the bronze. Despite common conceptions, the Dome is not a mosque, but a shrine which protects beneath its high ceiling a large piece of rock sacred to Muslims, Jews and Christians. The rock is variously believed to be the "Foundation Stone" from which the world was created, where Abraham was asked to sacrifice his son (Isaac or Ishmael, depending on the tradition), where Mohammad left the Earth on his Night Journey (a small indentation was reportedly left by his foot), and the site of Solomon and Herod's Temples.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dome_of_the_Rock.

Jerusalem: Dormitio-Abtei
M–Th 09:00–12:00 and 12:30–18:00; F 09:00–12:00 and 14:00–18:00; Su 10:30–18:00. Adorned by a conical dome and a tall bell tower, this Mount Zion church is the traditional site of the Virgin Mary's death. Several churches have been built on the site. The present-day structure was built in the early 20th century for the visit of Kaiser Wilhelm II. The main part of the church contains a mosaic floor featuring the signs of the zodiac and the names of various saints and prophets. A statue of the Virgin Mary rests in the crypt surrounded by images of various women listed in the Old Testament. free.
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Jerusalem/East.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abbey_of_the_Dormition.

Jerusalem: Dung Gate
On the southern side of the city, it provides direct access to the Jewish quarter and the Western Wall. This is the terminal of buses 1 and 3. The City of David is just outside this gate.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dung_Gate.

Jerusalem: First Station
Between 1892 and 1998, Jerusalem's train station was located here, not too far from the Old City. The station has since been reopened as an entertainment destination, with restaurants, shops, concerts, and more. There is something going on here every evening. A very nice linear park/bike path extends south from here all the way to Malha.

Jerusalem: Garden Tomb
M-Sa 08:30–12:00 and 14:00–17:30. Disputed to be an alternative to the Church of the Holy Sepulchre as the location of the death, burial and resurrection of Christ, the Garden Tomb is located a block north of the Damascus Gate. British general, Charles Gordon, popularized the view that the skull shaped hill just north of the city was the Golgotha referred to in the New Testament. Excavations have revealed an ancient tomb along with ruins of a cistern system and winepress—evidences that the site was once the location of a garden. Regardless of its authenticity, the lovely garden is worth a visit. Admission is free; donations are accepted.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Garden_Tomb.

Jerusalem: Gehinnom
According to the Bible, this valley was once used for child sacrifice. Due to its association with evil, Gehinnom/Gehenna later became a name referring to Hell. Now, it is a pleasant though somewhat neglected park. If you come at night, you will see the cliffs lining the valley lit up in a variety of colored lights.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gehenna.

Jerusalem: Golden Gate
On the east wall of the Temple Mount/Haram esh-Sharif. According to Jewish tradition the Messiah will arrive in the Temple via this gate, and according to Christian tradition Jesus entered through this gate on Palm Sunday. Closed by the Muslims in 810, reopened in 1102 by the Crusaders, it was walled up by Saladin after regaining Jerusalem in 1187. Ottoman Sultan Suleiman the Magnificent rebuilt it together with the city walls, but walled it up in 1541, and it stayed that way until today.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Golden_Gate_(Jerusalem).

Jerusalem: Great Synagogue
Built in 1982, this synagogue seats 1400 people and was intended to function as Jerusalem's central synagogue. Prayers are held regularly here. Sabbath prayers here are often conducted with a professional choir.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Synagogue_(Jerusalem).

Jerusalem: Haredi
Haredi or Chareidi Jerusalem refers to the parts of Jerusalem which are overwhelmingly populated by Haredi (or 'ultra-Orthodox') Jews. More than a third of Jerusalem's population (200,000 people), and more than 60% of Jewish youth in Jerusalem, are Haredi.
Haredi neighborhoods make up much most of the northwest of the city. With a few exceptions, neighborhoods north and west of the light rail line are Haredi, while neighborhoods south and east are not.
Me'ah Shearim (Along and around Me'ah Shearim street). This neighborhood is perhaps the closest the 21st century can get to the shtetl Jewish communities of Eastern Europe. Minimally influenced by the modern world, the Hasidic residents of Me'ah Shearim continue to dress like their great-grandparents and speak Yiddish conversationally. The walls are often plastered with pashkevilim - posters with social or political announcements, by communal leaders or sometimes random activists. For tourists, the main roads are lined with shops selling Judaica.
Haredi society is very conservative, and often considers itself to be under siege by the permissive modern world. To be considerate of them, you should follow the following rules while visiting their neighborhoods:
Women and girls must wear clothing that covers the shoulders, knees, and everything in between (except hands and forearms). Necklines should be closed. Men and boys must wear clothing that cover the shoulders and legs. In Me'ah Shearim, tourists and Israeli women in miniskirts and shorts, as well as men in shorts have been attacked by residents throwing stones at them.
Tourists are asked not to travel in large groups.
Do not photograph or film residents without asking for permission, particularly on the Sabbath. (But taking photographs of random street scenes is fine in most neighborhoods, except in some parts of Meah Shearim.) There are religious reasons for this: residents do not want to be part of Sabbath violation, and some of them may consider human photographs forbidden as images that could be used for idolatry. But beyond that, like any other people, they don't want to be seen as a spectacle.
Do not publicly violate the Sabbath. That means: no mobile phones, cigarettes, or cameras, and perhaps somewhat more respectable dress. These items should not only not be used on Friday night and Saturday, but they should also not be visibly carried around. If they must be taken along, carry them in a bag, and don't forget to turn off your mobile phone.
Avoid wearing Christian symbols, such as crosses or religious shirts. Also, since many residents are anti-Zionist, some of them very strongly so, wearing pro-Israel shirts and the like may lead to uncomfortable looks.

Jerusalem: Herod's Gate
On the northern side of the city, it faces Arab East Jerusalem and opens into the Muslim Quarter. Its name originates from the 1500s when Christian pilgrims wrongly thought that the house inside the gate was the palace of Herod the Great's son. In Hebrew it is known as the Flower Gate due to carvings of flowers on the outside.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herod%27s_Gate.

Jerusalem: Hurva Synagoge
In a maze of narrow and winding streets, Hurva Square is the heart and social center of the Jewish Quarter. Its open areas offer cafes, souvenir shops, and snack bars with outdoor seating. On the west side of the square is the site of the Hurva Synagogue (Hurva means "ruins"). Burnt down by its creditors in the 18th century, the synagogue was rebuilt in 1864 only to be destroyed during the 1948 fighting. After 1967, a lone arch was reconstructed from the remaining shell, making it a popular photographic attraction. In 2006, however, the arch was removed and reconstruction of the synagogue commenced. The synagogue was re-dedicated in 2010, and is now available for tours (must be pre-booked).

Jerusalem: Jaffa Gate
The busiest of the seven Old City gates, Jaffa Gate has a large taxi rank for easy access in and out of the Old City. Inside Jaffa Gate is a small square with a tourist information office, access staircases for the Ramparts Walk (see below), and entrances to the Christian and Armenian Quarters. The L shape of the medieval gateway was a classical defensive measure meant to slow down oncoming attackers, with its outer gate oriented in the direction of Jaffa Road, from which travellers including pilgrims arrived at the end of their journey from the port of Jaffa. A breach in the wall allows cars access to the Old City and was created in 1898 by the Ottomans in order to allow German emperor Wilhelm II to enter the city triumphally.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaffa_Gate.

Jerusalem: Jewish Quarter
Located at the southern part of the Old City and has been inhabited by Jews for centuries (before the Crusades, Jews were concentrated in the northern part of the Old City). The Jewish Quarter was destroyed during the 1948 war but rebuilt by the Israeli government after 1967.
The Jewish Quarter feels distinctly different from the rest of the Old City. Razed by the Jordanians after the partition of the former British Mandate of Palestine in 1948, most buildings in it have been rebuilt from scratch since Israel assumed control of the Old City in 1967. Despite strict laws mandating the use of Jerusalem limestone in all façades in order to maintain uniformity, the buildings look and feel new.
The Jewish Quarter (Hebrew: הרובע היהודי, HaRova HaYehudi, known colloquially to residents as HaRova, Arabic: حارة اليهود, Ḩārat al-Yahūd) lies in the southeastern sector of the walled city, and stretches from the Zion Gate in the south, bordering the Armenian Quarter on the west, along the Cardo to Chain Street in the north and extends east to the Western Wall and the Temple Mount. The quarter has a rich history, with several long periods of Jewish presence covering much of the time[dubious – discuss] since the eighth century BCE.[53][54][55][56][57] In 1948, its population of about 2,000 Jews was besieged, and forced to leave en masse.[58] The quarter was completely sacked[citation needed] by Arab forces during the Battle for Jerusalem and ancient[citation needed] synagogues were destroyed.
The Jewish quarter remained under Jordanian control until its recapture by Israeli paratroopers in the Six-Day War of 1967. A few days later, Israeli authorities ordered the demolition of the adjacent Moroccan Quarter, forcibly relocating all of its inhabitants, in order to facilitate public access to the Western Wall. 195 properties – synagogues, yeshivas, and apartments – were registered as Jewish and fell under the control of Jordan's Custodian of Enemy Property. Most were occupied by Palestinian refugees expelled by Israeli forces from West Jerusalem and its contiguous villages until UNWRA and Jordan constructed the Shuafat Refugee Camp, where many were shifted, leaving most of the properties empty of inhabitants.[59]
In 1968, after the Six Day War, Israel confiscated 12%, including the Jewish quarter and contiguous areas, of the Old City for public use. Some 80% of this confiscated infrastructure consisted of properties not owned by Jews.[59] After reconstruction the parts of the quarter destroyed prior to 1967, these properties were then offered for sale exclusively to the Israeli and Jewish public.[59] The prior owners mostly refused compensation, often because their properties were part of Islamic or family waqfs, which cannot be put up for sale.[59] As of 2005, the population stood at 2,348.[60] Many large educational institutions have taken up residence. Before being rebuilt, the quarter was carefully excavated under the supervision of Hebrew University archaeologist Nahman Avigad. The archaeological remains are on display in a series of museums and outdoor parks, which tourists can visit by descending two or three stories beneath the level of the current city. The former Chief Rabbi is Avigdor Nebenzahl, and the current Chief Rabbi is his son Chizkiyahu Nebenzahl, who is on the faculty of Yeshivat Netiv Aryeh, a school situated directly across from the Western Wall.
The quarter includes the "Karaites' street" (Hebrew: רחוב הקראים, Rehov Ha'Karaim), on which the old Anan ben David Kenesa is located.
Taken from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Old_City_of_Jerusalem.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jewish_Quarter_(Jerusalem).

Jerusalem: King David's Tomb
Summer: Sa–Th 08:00–20:00, F 08:00–14:00. Winter: Su–Th 08:00–sunset, F 08:00–13:00. Adjoining the Church of the Dormition and located on the lower floor of the Crusader building is a small chamber venerated as King David's Tomb. The chamber—divided for separate viewing by men and women—contains a sarcophagus covered by a drape. From 1948-1967, when the Old City was under Jordanian control and there was no access to the Western Wall, Jews would come here to pray. Today the entrance hall is still used as a synagogue. free.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David%27s_Tomb.

Jerusalem: Knesset
Tours: Su-Th 08:30-14:30; sessions: M Tu 16:00, W 11:00. The Israeli Parliament Building. The Knesset offers guided tours (in Hebrew, Arabic, English, French, Spanish, German, Russian, Amharic, Yiddish, and Finnish) for the public. Groups and individuals must call and arrange their guided tour in advance. You can observe the Knesset sessions from the public gallery on Mondays, Tuesdays, and Wednesdays. Groups must call and arrange this visit; individuals may arrive directly with their identity cards or passports.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knesset.

Jerusalem: Lifta
An abandoned Arab village near the western entrance to Jerusalem. The place is full of spacious, multilevel, half-ruined buildings. Some of the houses are rebuilt and Jewish families live in these. It's easy to find wild opuntia (cactus fruit) and almond trees there. The must-see spot in Lifta is a long, very narrow tunnel going from the bricked-in ancient pool at the bottom of the village. The pool is mentioned in the Bible. Take off your shoes before entering it, because water can reach knee-level. The simplest way to get there is to take a walk from the main bus station towards the nearby hill where you enter the city from Tel Aviv, take the foot bridge over the highway and hike downhill on the trail that starts just before and goes behind the gas station, which takes about 15 minutes. Be careful: the pool is about 2 meters deep when full but has no stairs or ladder out, and while sometimes people pile stones at a corner for a step up to get out, you need to be strong enough to exit with a full pullup and hand press from the high edge or wait for a friend to pull you out. Especially on Friday and even more so before major Jewish holidays, many religious male youths will be found at Lifta performing ritual purification by immersion, and they may become irritated should a female bather show up to swim, potentially forcing large numbers of males wishing to use the ancient ritual mikveh pool for what they consider a non-recreational ritual away from the area.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lifta.

Jerusalem: Lion's Gate
On the eastern side of the city, it faces the Mount of Olives and is the start of the Via Dolorosa. The name St. Stephen's Gate was adopted in the Middle Ages by Christians who believed that the first Christian martyr, St. Stephen, was executed here (prior to that, however, it had been generally accepted that St Stephen had been stoned to death outside Damascus Gate). There are small carvings of lions on the outside of the gate, hence the name Lion's Gate.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lions%27_Gate.

Jerusalem: Lust Supper Room
08:00–18:00 daily. A room in the David's Tomb Compound, traditionally held to be the site of the Last Supper. free.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cenacle.

Jerusalem: Lutheran Church of the Redeemer
M–Sa 10:00–13:00 and 13:30–17:00. This church was built by Kaiser Wilhelm II and completed in 1898. The church is most admired by tourists for its bell tower. At the top of its 177 steps, visitors are rewarded with some great views over the Old City. Below the church there are archaeological excavations and a small museum. Bell tower: ₪15 for adults.

Jerusalem: Maria-Magdalena-Kirche
Tu Th 10:00–12:00 (call +972 2 628 4371 to double check the times). This Russian Orthodox Church, with its gilded onion domes, was built by Tsar Alexander III in 1885 in memory of his mother, Maria Alexandrovna, whose patron saint was Mary Magdalene. Tsar Alexander III's sister-in-law, Grand Duchess Elizabeth Feodorovna, was buried here after her murder during the Russian Revolution in 1920.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Church_of_Mary_Magdalene.

Jerusalem: Mifletzet
This modern park is a landmark for Jerusalem kids. Its highlight is a giant monster with three tongues, each of which functions as a children's slide.

Jerusalem: Mitzpeh Tel
One of the nicest nature sites in Jerusalem, particularly in February-March when the blue lupines are blooming. It has a great view of the Old City and also (on clear days) all the way east to Jordan. A good site for a picnic.

Jerusalem: Mount Herzl
This is Israel's national cemetery and memorial. It contains the graves of Theodor Herzl and four prime ministers including Yitzhak Rabin. The Herzl Museum is in the entrance plaza. There are memorials for terror victims and MIA soldiers. Near Herzl's grave is the Mount Herzl Plaza for the main ceremony of the opening of the Independence Day. Free.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_Herzl.

Jerusalem: Mount of Olives
Best view onto the old city of Jerusalem.
The Mount of Olives or Mount Olivet is a mountain ridge in East Jerusalem, east of and adjacent to Jerusalem's Old City.[1] It is named for the olive groves that once covered its slopes. The western slopes of the mount, those facing Jerusalem, have been used as a Jewish cemetery for over 3,000 years and holds approximately 150,000 graves, making it central in the tradition of Jewish cemeteries.
Several key events in the life of Jesus, as related in the Gospels, took place on the Mount of Olives, and in the Acts of the Apostles it is described as the place from which Jesus ascended to heaven. Because of its association with both Jesus and Mary, the mount has been a site of Christian worship since ancient times and is today a major site of pilgrimage for Catholics, the Eastern Orthodox, and Protestants.
Taken from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_of_Olives.

Jerusalem: Mount of Olives Jewish Cemetery
The most ancient and most important cemetery in Jerusalem. Burial on the Mount of Olives started some 3,000 years ago in the First Temple Period, and continues to this day. Famous figures in Jewish history are buried here, including Nachmanides, S. Y. Agnon and Menachem Begin. The cemetery covers a large part of the Mount of Olives. free.

Jerusalem: Mount Zion
This hill is located next to the Old City, just south of the Armenian Quarter. It was the only part of ancient Jerusalem that was under Israeli control from 1948-1967. "Zion" is an old name for Jerusalem. "Mount Zion" received its name in the Middle Ages, when it was thought that the original location of Jerusalem was on this hill. However, the original location is now known to be the "City of David", and the present Temple Mount is the biblical Mount Zion. Zionism, the movement to return the Jews to the Holy Land, takes its name from Mount Zion, where the Jews had made their stand against the Roman Empire before being conquered and exiled from the area.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_Zion.

Jerusalem: Mount Zion Tunnel
Between 1948 and 1967, West Jerusalem and Mount Zion were under Israeli control, but the only access between them was vulnerable to Jordanian sniper fire from the Old City walls. To avoid this fire, a secret tunnel was dug so that Mount Zion could be safely supplied. Part of the tunnel was neglected and destroyed after 1967, but the remainder has been restored and you can walk up the mountain through it.

Jerusalem: Muslim Quarter
Located in the northeast part of the Old City, this quarter is the largest and most populated one, with mainly Muslim residents.
The Muslim Quarter is the largest and most densely populated quarter of the Old City. The quarter has changed hands many times from the 12th through 15th centuries, resulting in decay since the 16th century. It is one of the most fascinating and least explored parts of Jerusalem. The Temple Mount/Haram al-Sharif is described separately (below).
The Muslim Quarter (Arabic: حارَة المُسلِمين, Hārat al-Muslimīn) is the largest and most populous of the four quarters and is situated in the northeastern corner of the Old City, extending from the Lions' Gate in the east, along the northern wall of the Temple Mount in the south, to the Western Wall – Damascus Gate route in the west. During the British Mandate, Sir Ronald Storrs embarked on a project to rehabilitate the Cotton Market, which was badly neglected under the Turks. He describes it as a public latrine with piles of debris up to five feet high. With the help of the Pro-Jerusalem Society, vaults, roofing and walls were restored, and looms were brought in to provide employment.[49]
Like the other three quarters of the Old City, until the riots of 1929 the Muslim quarter had a mixed population of Muslims, Christians, and also Jews.[50] Today, there are "many Israeli settler homes" and "several yeshivas", including Yeshivat Ateret Yerushalayim, in the Muslim Quarter.[12] Its population was 22,000 in 2005.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muslim_Quarter_(Jerusalem).

Jerusalem: Nabi Samwil
The traditional burial site of the prophet Samuel, who chose Saul and David to be kings. Over the centuries this has been a pilgrimage site for Christians, Muslims, and Jews. It is one of the highest points in the Jerusalem area, and has a stunning view in all directions. A number of bus routes from Jerusalem to Givat Ze'ev or Modiin Ilit stop here. The best place to board them is along the main road of Ramot (the most northwestern neighborhood in the city, closest to Nabi Samwil).

Jerusalem: National Museum
M W Th Sa Su holidays 10:00-17:00; Tu 16:00-21:00; F and holiday eves 10:00–14:00. Israel's national museum sprawls over a compound near the Knesset and covers a broad body and extremely unique body of work in its five wings. The Judaica Wing contains an unequalled collection of Jewish ceremonial pieces, tools, and artwork from throughout the Diaspora, as well as an entire replica of both a 17th century Italian synagogue and an Indian synagogue. Moving on, visitors can find the largest collection of artifacts found in Israel at the Archaeology Wing. The collection covers millenia of settlement in the Holy Land, from the Neolithic ancestors to the Canaanites to the ancient Jews. Probably the best-known wing of the Israel Museum is the onion-shaped Shrine of the Book, wherein the Dead Sea Scrolls, considered among the greatest discoveries of the 20th century, are permanently housed, along with the Aleppo Codex. Nearby is a large 3D model of Jerusalem in the Second Temple period. The Israel Museum also contains notable collections of pre-Columbian Central American Art, Primitive and Tribal Art, and a collection of Impressionist and Post-Impressionist Art, which, though perhaps less connected to the Jewish state, are worth a visit for art lovers. ₪54, student ₪39, child 5-17 yrs ₪27 (free Tu and Sa).
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Israel_Museum.

Jerusalem: New Gate
On the northwestern edge of the Old City, the closest gate to West Jerusalem and convenient for entry to the Christian Quarter. It was the last gate cut into the city wall, in 1889. The New Gate has access to the City Hall and a light rail station just outside the walls.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Gate.

Jerusalem: Ramparts Walk
Visitors can walk along two sections of the Old City wall, from Jaffa Gate clockwise to St Stephen's Gate, and counter-clockwise from Jaffa Gate to the Dung Gate. The northern route starts from inside the old city by the Jaffa gate and circles the Christian quarter and the Muslim quarter. The southern route starts from outside the Jaffa gate and circles the Armenian quarter and the Jewish quarter. Access to the ramparts is only possible at Jaffa and Damascus gates, although walkers can descend at any gate. Hours are 09:00–16:00 (14:00 on Fridays) daily. Wear shoes suitable for hiking, as the ramparts are quite bumpy. ₪16 adults, ₪8 students & children.

Jerusalem: Safra Square and Modern City Model
On Jaffa Street near the Old City. The square is surrounded by the municipality buildings (City Hall/"the Iriya"). Concerts and events are sometimes held in the square.
Jerusalem City Model, at the Jerusalem City Hall (Safra Square, building 1). 10:00-12:30. Enter the city hall and ask for the model, the staff will show you the way. A model of the city of Jerusalem, with every building painstakingly modeled at 1:500 scale. Planned buildings that have not yet been built are also included, in transparent plastic rather than their real colors. Covers all the significant parts of the city (though not the outer suburbs). Free tours are generally offered every 30 minutes 10:00-12:30 weekdays. No reservations are needed for individuals, but it is a good idea to check ahead of time. If you are lucky, they will then take you to the building roof (6th floor) to see one the best views in town, overlooking the Old City from the northwest. Tours are in Hebrew, but there's plenty to see even if you don't understand what you hear. Contact them, and you might be able to arrange an English tour. Free.

Jerusalem: Schindlers Tomb
Hours are not set and more often than not, the gate to the cemetery is closed and locked. Down the hill from the Zion Gate is a small Christian cemetery. It is here that the grave of Oskar Schindler is located. Schindler, a German industrialist, saved 1,200 Jews from the Holocaust by hiring them as laborers in his factory. The story was memorialized in Stephen Spielberg's Academy Award-winning movie, Schindler's List. (A phone number has been hastily painted on the upper gate and can be called if desiring entrance)
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oskar_Schindler.

Jerusalem: St. James Cathedral
Daily 06:00–07:30 and 15:00-15:30. This Armenian cathedral is one of the most beautiful of all the sacred buildings in Jerusalem. It was constructed in the 11th and 12th centuries over the traditional tomb of St James the Apostle. Attending an Armenian Orthodox vespers service is a treat, even for non-believers. Vespers is held each evening (except Sunday) at 15:00 and lasts until 15:30. It is chanted by the seminarians of the Armenian Orthodox seminary across the street from the Cathedral. The chanting is very moving and has a bitter-sweet tone to it which is unforgettably beautiful. Each afternoon the service is signaled by a priest striking wooden bars hanging from the vaulted porch. The interior is dimly lit by hundreds of oil lamps hung from the ceiling. (Make sure to find out if there is an Armenian holy day where all of the lamps will be lit up during your visit.) Rather than seats, the floors are thickly laid with Oriental rugs. The cathedral contains a chapel that supposedly holds the head of St James. Cover knees and shoulders; no clothes are provided.

Jerusalem: St. Mark's Church
The monastery is open all day, simply ring at the gate. According to tradition, this church was built on the site of the house of Mary, mother of St Mark. Every weekday the three resident monks hold the 25-minute vespers service at 16:00 for the small community of Syriac believers as well as visitors. Female visitors are not required to cover their hair during services.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monastery_of_Saint_Mark.

Jerusalem: Supreme Court
Located between the Knesset and the Central Bus Station, the Supreme Court building (opened 1992) is a mixture of traditional Jerusalem architecture and modern elements. Tours are available each weekday in Hebrew (11AM) and English (noon), or you could sit in on an ongoing court session.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_Israel.

Jerusalem: Tayelet Haas Promenade
A park which has an incredible view of the Old City. It is common for tours to take people here blindfolded, and have them take off their blindfolds one by one to get their first view of the holy city.

Jerusalem: Teddy Park
Named after Teddy Kollek, Jerusalem mayor from 1965-1993, this park is located in the valley just below Jaffa Gate. The highlight is a fountain with 256 water spouts which performs a choreographed water show once every 2 hours (check the schedule before coming); you are encouraged to run through the fountain on a hot day. There is also a constantly running water feature which is good for cooling off at any time. There's also some archaeology here, but it's unimportant by Jerusalem standards.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teddy_Park_(Jerusalem).

Jerusalem: Temple Mount
The Temple Mount (Hebrew Har HaBayit, הר הבית) or Haram al-Sharif (Arabic: حارم الشريف, literally Noble Sanctuary) is the most important site in Judaism and the third most important site in Islam. It is the site of the First and Second Temples from the Jewish and Christian Bible. The site's massive rectangular platform (of which the Western Wall is one wall) was built by Herod the Great. Now the site is a showcase for Islamic architecture and design from the Umayyad to Ottoman times, and is an important religious and educational center for Muslims to the present. Encompassing over 35 acres of fountains, gardens, buildings and domes, it is crowned by the magnificent Dome of the Rock, which stands on the site of the ancient Jewish Temples.
Entering the Temple Mount (Haram esh-Sharif) for non-Muslims is through an elevated wooden walkway leading to a gate called Mughrabi Gate (Moor's Gate), on the south-eastern corner of the Western Wall Plaza in the Jewish Quarter. The entry to the Temple Mount itself (not the mosques) is allowed to non-Muslims only at certain hours and is free of charge (see the caution note above).
It is hard to see the majestic buildings on the Temple Mount from the rest of the Old City (unless you know a local inhabitant who lets you onto their roof). An alternative is to look across from the Mount of Olives.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Temple_Mount.

Jerusalem: Tolerance Monument
Outdoor sculpture dedicated to promoting peace and tolerance in the Israeli–Palestinian conflict.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tolerance_Monument.

Jerusalem: Tomb of the Virgin / Cave of Gethsemane
Hours for the Tomb of the Virgin are 08:00–12:00 and 14:30–17:00 daily. Hours for the Cave of Gethsemane are 08:30–12:00 and 14:30–17:00 daily. Directly across from the Church of All Nations, the Tomb of the Virgin is believed to be where the Disciples entombed Mary, the mother of Jesus. Forty-seven steps lead past side niches and down to crypt, which contains the burial place of Queen Melisande of Jerusalem, St. Anne and St. Joachim (Mary's parents) and the Virgin Mary. Outside, to the right of the entrance, is the Cave of Gethsemane, also known as the Cave of Betrayal, the traditional place of Judas's betrayal of Jesus.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tomb_of_the_Virgin_Mary.

Jerusalem: Tombs of the Prophets
M-F 09:00-15:30. At the top of the Jewish Cemetery, which spans the southwestern slope of the Mount of Olives, lies a large catacomb complex containing oven-shaped graves (kokhim). The Palestinian family which discovered the catacomb claims that the tombs belonged to the 5th century BCE prophets Haggai, Malachi and Zechariah. In reality, the catacombs date from a much later period, the 1st century AD. Bring a flashlight or use your smartphone's light.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tomb_of_the_Prophets.

Jerusalem: Tower of David/Citadel
Su-Th Sa 09:00-16:00, F 08:00-14:00. Now occupied by the Tower of David Museum of the History of Jerusalem, the Citadel is an imposing fortress inside the city wall beside the Jaffa Gate. Utilized and expanded throughout the centuries as a means of protection, excavations have revealed remains dating back to the 2nd century BC and indicate that there was a fortress here in Herodian times. The museum provides visitors with 3 routes highlighting different aspects of the Citadel, namely: Exhibit, Panorama and Excavation. The routes are advisory only and provided for visitors' convenience. An 1873 model of Jerusalem is on display in an underground cistern near the exit. At night there is a sound-and-light show of Jerusalem's history, which is visually impressive but somewhat light in terms of content. Buy tickets for the show online ahead of time, it sells out. ₪30 adults, ₪20 students and seniors, ₪15 children.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tower_of_David.

Jerusalem: Via Dolorosa (Start)
The Via Dolorosa (Latin for 'Sorrowful Way', often translated 'Way of Suffering'; Arabic: طريق الآلام; Hebrew: ויה דולורוזה) is a processional route in the Old City of Jerusalem. It represents the path that Jesus took, forced by the Roman soldiers, on the way to his crucifixion. The winding route from the former Antonia Fortress to the Church of the Holy Sepulchre—a distance of about 600 metres (2,000 ft)[1]—is a celebrated place of Christian pilgrimage. The current route has been established since the 18th century, replacing various earlier versions.[2] It is today marked by 14 Stations of the Cross,[2] nine of which are outside, in the streets, with the remaining five stations being currently inside the Church of the Holy Sepulchre.[3]
Taken from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Via_Dolorosa.
How can you recognize the stations?
First, there will be half a circle on the floor, in a different color than the rest of the pavement. Second, there will be a metal plate on the wall, with the number of the station engraved on it in Latin numbers. Recently, they also added a small 3D icon next to each plate, depicting the story of the station. The stations inside the Church of the Holy Sepulchre (Stations X-XIV) are not marked in any way.
Station I: Jesus is condemned to death
And the governor asked Him, saying, “Are You the King of the Jews?” Jesus said to him, “It is as you say.” And while He was being accused by the chief priests and elders, He answered nothing. (Matthew 27, verses 11-14).
Station II: Jesus takes up his Cross
When they had twisted a crown of thorns, they put it on His head, and a reed in His right hand. And they bowed the knee before Him and mocked Him, saying, “Hail, King of the Jews!” Then they spat on Him, and took the reed and struck Him on the head. (Matthew 27, verses 27-30)
Station III: Jesus falls for the first time
The third station is where Jesus fell for the first time.
Station IV: Jesus meets his mother
It was probably a sad meeting. Virgin Mary saw her son fall for the first time under the weight of the cross. It is one of the most well-known events on the Via Dolorosa, but it is not mentioned in the New Testament.
Station V: Simon of Cyrene helps Jesus carry the Cross
It is a scene taken from the New Testament. Jesus is already very tired and is barely able to carry the cross, so the Roman soldiers pick someone from the street who will help him.
Station VI: Veronica wipes the face of Jesus
According to tradition, Veronica was one of Jesus’ followers. Her house was here, and she saw Jesus as he passed by with the cross. His face was covered sweat, spits, and mud. She came out of the house and wiped his face with a piece of cloth she had.
Station VII: Jesus falls for the second time
Station VIII: Jesus meets the women of Jerusalem
If we were in the time of Jesus, then this station was already outside the city walls. The poor women of Jerusalem stood on the route that led to the point of crucifixion, wept, and felt sorry for Jesus.
Station IX: Jesus falls for the third time
To get to the next station, you will need to retrace your steps to Beit HaBad Street, turn right, continue for a bit, and then take the steps right towards the IX. station. Jesus didn’t do this detour. Originally, it was possible to walk straight from the eighth station to the ninth station.
Station X: Jesus is stripped of his garments
This station is where Jesus got stripped of his garments because he was nailed to the cross without clothes.
Station XI: Jesus is nailed to the Cross
After entering the church, turn right and climb up the staircase to the second floor. The first chapel you will enter is the 11th Station of the Cross, where Jesus was nailed to the Cross. Long ago, when the church was init

Jerusalem: Western Wall
24/7, 365 days a year. Part of the western retaining wall of the Temple Mount, it was built by Herod the Great during his expansion of the Temple in 20 BCE. The wall became the Jews' chief place of pilgrimage during the Ottoman Period. In this period it become known as the "Wailing Wall", where Jews lamented the destruction of the Temple by the Romans in 70 CE. This is still the closest site to the Temple where Jews can pray (many rabbis say Jews are forbidden by Jewish law from ascending the Temple Mount, and in any case secular and Muslim authorities do not allow Jews to pray on the Temple Mount). The plaza in front of the Wall is divided by a fence, with a large area for men on the left and a smaller area for women on the right. Anyone is allowed to approach the wall - complimentary kippahs are provide for men who come bare-headed, while shawls are provided for women who do not come appropriately dressed (shoulders, chest, midriff, and thighs covered). The wall acts as an outdoor synagogue with written prayers inserted into the crevices between the large stones. Photography is not allowed on the Sabbath (Friday night and Saturday until sundown). Monday and Thursday mornings many bar mitzvahs are held, drawing large crowds of families and guests. Friday night at sundown there is the welcoming of the Sabbath (Kabbalat Shabbat) which includes prayers, singing and dancing.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Western_Wall.

Jerusalem: Western Wall Tunnel Tour
This is a tour of the underground parts of the Western Wall, including the evolution of the Temple Mount from the First Temple period to today. A wonderful tour for those interested in the archeology and history of the Temple Mount. You will see enormous stones underlying the Western Wall, an underground synagogue (the nearest spot to the Temple site, where Jews are allowed to pray), a pool and a water tunnel from Herod's time. The tour must be booked in advance but is well worth the advanced preparation. During the low season, you can also try your luck and join an excursion without the reservation. ₪30 / ₪15 discount.

Jerusalem: Yad Vashem
Su-Th 09:00-17:00, F and holiday eves 09:00-14:00, closed Sa and holidays. Yad Vashem is Israel's Holocaust museum - documenting the Holocaust, preserving the stories of its six million victims, and teaching future generations through its archives, library, school, museums and recognition of the Righteous Among the Nations. Yad Vashem is a large complex of tree-studded walkways leading to museums, exhibits, archives, monuments, sculptures, and memorials. In addition to the main museum, the underground Children's Memorial is recommended. Each tree on the museum grounds is planted in memory of a different non-Jew who saved Jewish lives during the Holocaust. Children under ten are not allowed to enter the museum proper (IDs are checked) as the material can be disturbing, but they can go to other areas. Large bags must be checked in the Visitors' Center before entering the museum. Free entry; guided tours can cost about ₪30.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yad_Vashem.

Jerusalem: Zedekiah's Cave
A large quarry underneath the Old City. Used for several thousand years; the stones of the Western Wall were likely carved from here. Entrance is from just outside the Old City walls, a bit east of Damascus Gate.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zedekiah%27s_Cave.

Jerusalem: Zion Gate
On the southern side of the city, it provides direct access to the Armenian and Jewish Quarters from Mount Zion. The outside of the gate is pockmarked by bullet-holes due to fierce fighting here in 1948 between the Israelis and the Jordanians. The Arabic name of the gate is Bab el-Nabi Daud (Gate of the Prophet David), because of its proximity to the traditional location of King David's Tomb. Parking is available just outside the gate.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zion_Gate.

Jerusalem: Zion Square
While small by international city square standards, this square is a common location for political rallies, concerts, street culture, and other events. The light rail runs through here without stopping; the Jaffa Center and City Hall stations are a short walk away in either direction.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zion_Square.

Jerusalem: A Walk on the Roofs
(corner of St Mark's Road and Khabad Street). It is possible to walk above the central souk along the rooftops of the city. Visitors can climb up to the rooftops via a small staircase at the corner of St Mark's Road and Khabad Street. A second set of stairs leads up from Muristan Road and visitors can exit into the courtyard of Khan el-Sultan, which allows exit onto Chain Street. The view from the rooftops offers delightful views of the bustling streets below, as well as unusual views of the Church of the Holy Sepulchre and the Dome of the Rock. free.

Jerusalem: Al-Mawazin
Eight freestanding archways called al-Mawazin (see names below) are located at the top of the staircases leading to the platform (maṣṭaba) of the Dome of the Rock from the surrounding courtyard (ṣaḥn) below. Each archway consists of open arches supported by 2 to 4 columns, set between two pilasters.
One of the reasons mentioned for these doors is that the beauty of the Dome of the Rock should not appear right away, marking a separation between the city and the sacred place.[1]
Taken from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Mawazin.

Jerusalem: Chapel of the Ascension
The courtyard and chapel are open daily (if closed, ring the bell). Sacred to Christians and Muslims, this medieval chapel—now part of a mosque—is on the supposed site of Christ's ascension. The chapel was built around 380 AD around a venerated imprint, now set in stone, of Christ's right foot. The chapel became a Muslim shrine after Saladin's conquest in 1187. If given a "tour" by the pushy guard, he will expect a gratuity for his services. Seems just to be a tourist nap, especially for Russians. Just remind him that you already paid ₪5 and walk away. Otherwise just skip this whole site. ₪5.

Jerusalem: Church of All Nations and Garden of Gethsemane
08:00–12:00 and 14:30–17:00 (summer: 18:00) daily. Also known as the Church of Agony because it is built over the rock where Jesus agonized about his death, this 4th-century church has been rebuilt many times, the most recent structure being the result of financial contributions from 12 nations. To commemorate the benefactors, the church was designed with 12 domes adorned with each country's coat of arms. The rock in the center of the nave is the remnant of the ruined Byzantine church. The plan of the Byzantine church is outlined on the floor in black marble. Next to the church is the surviving part of the Garden of Gethsemane with its centuries-old olive trees. free.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Church_of_All_Nations.

Jerusalem: Church of the Pater Noster
M-Sa 09:00–11:30 and 15:00–17:00. Built over Constantine-era ruins, this church sits atop a grotto where Christ is believed to have taught the Paternoster (meaning "Our Father"), or Lord's Prayer. The church is famous for its tiled panels inscribed with the Lord's Prayer in more than 130 languages. The Seven Arches Hotel is a short walk from the church. ₪10/8 adult/student.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Church_of_the_Pater_Noster.

Jerusalem: Karaite Synagogue
Su-F (until sunset). The Karaite Jews, numbering 30-50,000 worldwide, are a unique sect of Judaism that has been at odds with mainstream rabbinic Judaism for centuries. The Karaites reject the Talmud (Oral Law) and only rely on the Torah, Prophets, and Writings. You must call ahead for a tour of the synagogue. Tours are only in Hebrew, but it might be possible to pre-arrange English or Russian.

Jerusalem: St. Anne's Church
M–Sa 08:00-12:00 & 14:00-18:00 (winter: 16:00). This Crusader-era church was built between 1131 and 1138 to replace a Byzantine church. It is traditionally believed to be the spot where Anne and Joachim, the parents of the Virgin Mary, lived. the church fell into ruins until it was donated to France by the Ottomans in 1856. Outside the church are the extensive remains of curative baths as well as the ruins of a Roman temple dedicated to the god of medicine. It is widely believed that this site is the Pool of Bethesda where, according to the Gospel of John (5:1-15), Christ cured a paralysed man. ₪7 adults / ₪5 students & children.

Kafarnaum
The house of Peter and a marvelous ancient Roman synagogue. ₪5.
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Sea_of_Galilee_region.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capernaum.

Kazmah desert cliffs
Being one of the few elevations in the Kuwaiti desert these cliffs allow a good view on the bay if the visibility is good. A lot of young Kuwaitis come here on weekends to challenge their Jeeps and quads uphill.
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Kuwait.

Kerak: Citadel
A former Crusader stronghold, it was ransacked by Saladin and left to rot for 500 years until restoration started. It is impressive site. While parts are still in ruins, other parts have been restored, including some lengthy underground passages. And it had a commanding view of the area. Allow 60-90 min to visit. 1 JD, free with Jordan Pass.
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Kerak.

Kfar Kama
Kfar Kama (Hebrew: כְּפַר כַּמָא, Arabic: كفر كما, Adyghe: Кфар Кама) is a Circassian town located in the Lower Galilee of Israel's northern district, located along road 767, that leads from Kfar Tavor to the Kinneret. It is one of the only two Circassian towns in Israel, the other being Rehaniya. The residents of the town are descended from the Shapsug tribe exilees from Circassia. In 2008, the town had a population of 2,900.[3]
Taken from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kfar_Kama.
For more see there and https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Circassians and https://www.atlasobscura.com/places/kfar-kama.

Kibbutz Neot Semadar
Neot Smadar (Hebrew: נְאוֹת סְמָדַר, lit. Oasis of blossoming vines) is a kibbutz in southern Israel. Located in the Arava Desert, it falls under the jurisdiction of Hevel Eilot Regional Council. Its area is 80 hectares. In 2021 it had a population of 227.[1]
Neot Smadar is located in the southern Negev about 70 km. north of Eilat. The kibbutz was established in 1989,[2] on the grounds of an abandoned kibbutz, Shizafon.[3] The guest rooms' village on a hill nearby was built on the grounds of the abandoned Nahal settlement Ya'alon. Neot Smadar is as an organic community featuring architecturally unique buildings with passive cooling towers. The Art Center houses 14 workshops for Stained glass, ceramics, textile, wood and metals. The building is insulated with mud bricks, with "air conditioning" supplied by a desert cooling tower.
The economy is based on agriculture, with 500 dunams of organically cultivated vineyards (origin of the place name), deciduous trees, olives, date plantations and an herb garden.[4] Olive oil is produced in a cold press set up with assistance from ICA and Israel's Ministry of Industry and Trade in 2001. The high-quality oil has been conferred the highest grade by Israel's Olive Council.
The kibbutz operates a boutique organic winery and produces a variety of cheeses from fresh goat milk. Its roadside restaurant, Pundak Neot Smadar, offers vegetarian food and sells the kibbutz's organic products. Some cabins are rented to tourists.
Taken from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neot_Smadar.
For more see https://www.atlasobscura.com/places/kibbutz-neot-semadar.

Kuwait: Al Shaheed Park
Bicycles not allowed.
Kuwait's largest urban park and is a cultural platform with cutting-edge architecture and works of art.
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Kuwait_City.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al_Shaheed_Park.

Kuwait: Fish Market
Maybe the most interesting thing to see in Kuwait. It's a giant, bustling building filled with rows of counters stocked high with fish. The interior is kept very clean with people hosing down the floor constantly.
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Kuwait_City.

Kuwait: Grand Mosque
Across from the Seif Palace and about 400 m (1,300 ft) east of the National Museum. Guided tours by friendly Kuwaitis are available for tourists. Women can borrow a proper dress from the mosque in order to enter. You will likely be told a time to come back for a tour by the security guard when you visit the mosque. Come back at that time and there will hopefully be a couple of guides available.
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Kuwait_City.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grand_Mosque_of_Kuwait.

Kuwait: Green Island
rtificial island and marine park opened in 1988. Its coastline offers great bird's-eye views of the Kuwait City skyline.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Green_Island_(Kuwait).

Kuwait: National Assembly
Not open for public. The National Assembly is the seat of the Kuwaiti parliament and is one of the few pieces of fine architecture in the country.

Kuwait: National Museum
M-Th 8:30AM - 12:30PM and 4:30PM - 7:30PM; F-Sa 8:30AM - 11AM, 4:30PM - 7:30PM; winter afternoon hours 4PM - 7PM. Stripped of many artifacts during the war – part of it has been renovated and is now open to the public for display. One exhibition shows ancient relics found on Failaka Island and the other resembles a carefully designed copy of an old Kuwaiti souq (market). An old Kuwaiti boum (dhow) is on display as well. Entrance is free.

Kuwait: Sadu and Al Bader House
Sadu House. Right beside the National Museum. Made of coral and gypsum and is used as a cultural museum to protect the arts and crafts of Bedouin society. It is an ideal place to purchase Bedouin goods.
Bayt Al-Badr Right beside the National Museum. It is one of the very few houses left that were built in old Kuwaiti architecture. Seems to be closed at least temporarily as of early 2010 but it's worth passing by.

Kuwait: Seif Palace
Built in 1896, the interior features original Islamic mosaic tile work, though these suffered badly during the Iraqi occupation. You will not be allowed to enter, however it is still interesting to walk by and see the vast gardens of the palace.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seif_Palace.

Kuwait: Towers
9AM-11PM. Kuwait's unofficial symbol, found on everything except the flag, are Kuwait's top attraction. Designed by Swedes, built by Yugoslavs, and opened in 1979, they're actually rather interesting up close, as the spheres are covered with a funky polka-dot pattern made up from colored circular plates. The first, 178 m (583 ft) high, houses the Viewing Sphere (123 m [403 ft]) complete with a rotating viewing platform; don't miss the photos of the damage done by the Iraqi invasion, at the foot of the staircase to the second level of the sphere. In the viewing sphere there is also a small bar that serves soft drinks and snacks. You can enjoy your snack at a stand-up table on the rotating viewing platform. The lower sphere houses the Ofok restaurant (82 m [270 ft]), serving breakfast (ladies only), lunch and dinner buffets daily. The second tower, 145.8 m (478 ft) high, is for water storage and is not accessible to the public, while the third, sphereless spike mostly serves to light up the other two at night. Best visited, but also the most crowded, at sunset. KD 2.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuwait_Towers.

Lod: Baybars Bridge
A bridge built by the Sultan Baybars in the year 1273. It is still used for road traffic. On either side of the bridge, there are beautiful Arabic inscriptions and carvings of lions. Just north of the bridge, a dirt track branches off from the road - the bridge carvings are best seen from this track.
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Lod.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jisr_Jindas.

Lod: Khan el-Hilu
A travelers' lodge dating to the Mamluk period. It forms a large stone square: animals were left in the central courtyard, and people slept in buildings around the edge. The building is in bad condition, but some work has been done on restoring it. Be careful around the ruins, they are prone to collapse. The gate at the entrance is made of nicely carved stone.
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Lod.

Lod: Mosaik von Lod
9AM-16PM. Several stunning mosaics were found here, part of a bathhouse built in the Byzantine period. A museum was built at the site and opened in 2022. Recommended to buy tickets for a specific time before arriving.
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Lod.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lod_Mosaic.

Ma'in Hot Springs
A remarkable series of natural hot springs and waterfalls, some of which have been channeled into pools and baths. A spa resort is located in the vicinity of the waterfalls.
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Madaba.

Madaba: Mosaic Map
Not accessible during services. The famous map of the Middle East, plus a bunch of mosaic portraits. Buy ticket from the interpretive centre to the side, although why waste time on a lecture when you can just go and look at the map. 1 JD, free with Jordan Pass.
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Madaba.
The Madaba Map, also known as the Madaba Mosaic Map, is part of a floor mosaic in the early Byzantine church of Saint George in Madaba, Jordan. The Madaba Map depicts part of the Middle East and contains the oldest surviving original cartographic depiction of the Holy Land and especially Jerusalem. It dates to the sixth century AD.
Taken from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madaba_Map.

Madain Saleh: Hegra
Can only be visited as part of a guided tour. You can book online (see link below) or just show up at the south gate. While they might ask you to still simply book the online ticket, guides told us that even if it is fully booked online, chances are high that you still get a spot on a tour (in which case, they told us to just book a slot at a different day online for payment). There is some information in the internet that you can only get the permit to enter the site in Riyadh, but this information is clearly outdated.
Fee: 95 SAR per person.
When we were there, construction was ongoing at th Madain Saleh transtation at the north of the site and, presumably because of this, they moved the entrance to the south.
Hegra Online Ticket:
Madain Saleh (مدائن صالح , also Medain Saleh, Meda'in Saleh) is a large archaeological site in Saudi Arabia.
A Nabataean city hewed out of rock in the same style as Jordan's far more famous Petra, Madain Saleh has been a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 2008, and would be a top tourist draw in any other country than Saudi Arabia.
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Madain_Saleh.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hegra_(Mada%27in_Salih).

Madain Saleh: Hejaz Railway Station
Construction works were ongoing when we were there, but the workers still let us explore the sight on foot.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hejaz_railway.

Majlis al Jinn
This cave has the second-largest chamber in the world, and was discovered by American hydrologists in 1983. The cave can only be accessed via free-rappelling from the roof with 200 m of rope. Plans are underway to improve public access; in the interim cavers must obtain a special government permit. Access is via a rough dirt track requiring a sturdy 4WD.
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Central_Coastal_Oman.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Majlis_al_Jinn.

Makhtesh Ramon
Mitzpe Ramon's biggest sight, Machtesh Ramon is 500 m deep, 40 km long and 10 km at its widest. The geological erosion that formed it created geological formations unlike any others. Complete with a magnificent panorama, it presents a fascinating story of geomorphologic evolution.
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Mitzpe_Ramon.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makhtesh_Ramon.

Mamshit
A ruined Nabatean city, more accessible and well ordained then Avdat, and also a National Park. Mamshit is close to Dimona and easily accessible by car, but the closest bus stop is 3 km to the east at Rotem junction.
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Negev.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mampsis.

Mar Saba Monastery
08:00-17:00, closed Wednesday & Friday. A Greek Orthodox monastery overlooking the Kidron Valley located in the West Bank east of Bethlehem. It is considered to be one of the oldest inhabited monasteries in the world. Entrance apparently only for men. Few of the Byzantine desert monasteries can match the serenity and beauty this monastery. Clinging to the cliff face of the Kidron Valley, this immense and spectacular Greek Orthodox Monastery evokes a thrilling shock when its first comes into view in the midst of a desert landscape. The Monastery is named after Saint Saba (439-532 CE) who settled in a cave opposite the actual site in complete seclusion that lasted some 5 years. Built into the rock, Mar Saba represents a way of life unchanged since the time of Constantine. The body of Saint Saba can be seen in the principle church while his tomb is paved in the courtyard outside. The first church founded by Saint Saba is marked by the Chapel of St Nicholas. Although Mar Saba is reputed for its hospitality to strangers, women have never been allowed to enter. Hence women can enjoy a glimpse of the chapel and building from a nearby two story tower known as the Women’s Tower.
Don't spend much or any money going to or at Mar Saba. This is exactly the opposite of what the monks at Mar Saba are interested in, converting Mar Saba into a place with souvenir shops and restaurants – talk to them about it.

Masada
Daily: October to March 08:00-16:00, April to September 08:00-17:00. Masada is a mountaintop fortress which King Herod transformed in 35 BC into a 3-tiered winter home. Easily accessible via a quick cable car ride or by hiking up the serpentine path. Located only 18 km north of the Ein Bokek hotel area. The site is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Also, a spectacular light show in the evening recounts the dramatic history of Masada with special pyrotechnic effects. Spectators sit in a natural amphitheater on the west side of the mountain, reachable only via Arad, 20 km away. ₪28 (not including the light show).
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Masada.

Medina: Al Baqi Cemetery
A huge graveyard, where most family members and companions of the Prophet are buried.
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Medina.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Baqi_Cemetery.

Medina: Mount Uhud
Other things to be seen, a little away from the city, are the plains and mountain of Uhud where the battle took place. There is also the burial ground of the 70 martyrs of this battle including the Prophet's uncle Hamza who is considered one of the greatest martyrs of all time.
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Medina.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_Uhud and https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Uhud.

Medina: Prophet's Mosque
The mosque area has several parts:
> The compound, that is the fenced area around th mosque.
> The male mosque section in the west of the building.
> The female mosque section in the east of the building.
> The tomb of Mohammed in the south of the building, directly underneath the famous green dome, only for men.
Apparently, while non-Muslims are allowed to enter the city of Medina since 2019 (unlike Mecca, which is still banned for non-Muslims), non-Muslims are still not allowed to enter the fenced compound of the mosque - in theory. In practice, nobody cares for all of the above mentioned parts, if you are modestly dressed (for women this obviously means a headscarf and long sleeves, but not neccessarily an Abaya). We even openly admitted we are non-Muslims to a staff member within the mosque and he said it's totally fine.
The Masjid Nabawi or the Prophet's Mosque is the second most important pilgrimage site in Islam, where devout Muslims offer prayers. Men are allowed to visit the burial site of the Prophet and pay respects throughout the opening hours of the mosque, which used to close for the night at around 10PM but has since become 24/7. Women may visit only after the Fajr or dawn and Duhr or afternoon prayers, when they are taken there in groups according to their countries.
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Medina.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prophet%27s_Mosque.

Medina: Quba Mosque
This is either the oldest mosque in the world or the second-oldest, and dates from the time of the Prophet Muhammad. New construction was added in 1984.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quba_Mosque.

Medina: Al-Madinah Museum
One of few non-religious sites in Medina, this museum is housed in the former terminus station of the Hejaz railway and showcases the history of Medina from prehistoric to modern time.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Madinah_Museum and https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hejaz_Railway_Museum.

Merom Golan: Habokrim Restaurant
See https://www.atlasobscura.com/places/habokrim-restaurant.

Metulla
The northernmost community in Israel. Somewhat yuppified. Until 2000 it was home to the "Good Fence", a border crossing where Lebanese citizens could cross into Israel to work and receive medical care. But since Israel's withdrawal from Lebanon, the border has become heavily militarized and little trace of the Good Fence can be seen.
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Galilee_Panhandle.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metula and https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Good_Fence.

Misfat al Abriyyin
One of the few mountain villages accessible by 2WD on a paved road. The ancient village is in a beautiful setting, with terraced gardens and a falaj irrigation system. The ruined fort of Al Rogan overlooks the village, which is the starting point for the challenging W9 trekking path, connecting with trails W8 and W10h. Donkeys and guides are available for hire here as well.
Misfah Old House, ☏ +968 99 338491, bandb.misfah@gmail.com. One of only a couple of accommodation options available in the village, in a traditional Omani house with Omani cuisine cooked by local families. Arrangements for guides can be made here. No internet. RO 25 singles, RO 50 doubles, including half-board; cash only.

Mitzpe Ramon: Ramon Crater Viewpoint
A trail decorated with impressive environmental sculptures, starting from the Visitor Center and going along the edge of the crater. In its middle is a "bird balcony" which hangs over the crater and offers the best view around. The paved trail is fairly accessible for the disabled, and beyond it a dirt path goes on along the edge to Har Gamal (Mount Camel) – a small observation platform atop a rock resembling a camel.
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Mitzpe_Ramon.

Monastery of Theodosius
The Monastery of St. Theodosius (also known in Arabic as Deir Dosi) is located about 12 Km east of Bethlehem. Founded by St. Theodosius in the late 5th to early 6th century stands on the site where the three wise men rested on their way back from visiting the Infant Jesus in Bethlehem. The original monastery was destroyed during the Persian invasion. St. Theodosius died in 529 CE and at that time there was said to be some 400 monks living in the Monastery who were massacred by the Persians during the invasion of 614 CE. The Monastery was restored in 1893 by the Greek Orthodox Church and it encompasses the remains of an old Crusader building. Today the Monastery is inhabited by a dozen Greek Orthodox monks. A white-walled cave marks the place where the founder, St. Theodosius is buried. 08:00-15:00.

Montfort Fortress
A fortress built by the Crusaders during the times of the Crusader Kingdom of Jerusalem in Israel. The fortress is built on a narrow and steep cliff above the southern bank of Keziv stream in the upper Galilee region.
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Upper_Galilee.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Montfort_Castle.

Mount Bental
A mountain in the eastern Golan Heights with an Israeli stronghold (formerly a Syrian stronghold) on top and views of Syria to the east and the Golan Heights to the west. On some days, you might hear or even see a bomb going off in the distance, part of the Syrian Civil War. From this distance, it sounds like thunder. You can explore the Syrian army bunkers here from before 1967.
You can also see the ruins of the former Syrian city Quneitra just behind the border. Quneitra is a ghost town, which was abandoned by the Syrians during the 1967 war and left in the no-man's-land ever since. Thoroughly wrecked not only in 1967 but in the subsequent 1973 conflict as well, from the Israeli side, the area can only be viewed from designated viewpoints set up along the border road, as it's just across the de facto line of control.
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Golan_Heights.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_Bental/Tal_Al-Gharam and https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quneitra.

Mount Meron
Israel's highest mountain, if excluding the Golan Heights, at 1208 meters above sea level with several hiking trails. It has hiking trails and a great view. The Jewish village of Meron and the Druze villages of Beit Jan and Hurfeish are in its foothills. Admission free.
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Upper_Galilee.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_Meron.

Mount Sodom
A low mountain next to the Dead Sea which is 80 % made of salt. It includes fascinating landscapes, the Flour cave where the eroded rock has a texture similar to flour, and an impressive 200 m salt cave. The Biblical towns of Sodom and Gomorrah may have been nearby (though other opinions place them elsewhere around the Dead Sea), and tour guides will point out to you a rock formation which they say is Lot's wife (Eshet Lot), turned into a pillar of salt.
For more see there and at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_Sodom.

Mount Tabor
The site of the Mount Tabor battle between Barak under the leadership of the Israelite judge Deborah, and the army of Jabin commanded by Sisera, in the mid-12th century BC. It is believed by many Christians to be the site of the Transfiguration of Jesus. The mountain is very prominent, and covered with forests. There are several nice hiking trails going up and down. No admission.
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Lower_Galilee.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_Tabor.

Mount Hermon
The Hermon mountain differs from the rest of the Golan, as well as from any other place in Israel. The highest point in the Israeli-controlled part of the Hermon is 2,236 m above sea level, nearly twice as high as the next-highest place in Israel (Mount Meron in the Upper Galilee). As a result, the Hermon gets far more snowfall than anywhere else in Israel, and it is the site of Israel's only ski resort (in the winter months).
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Golan_Heights.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_Hermon.

Muscat: Al Jalali Fort
Built as a prison in the rocky mountains in the 1580s during the Portuguese occupation, now converted into a museum devoted to Omani heritage. Unfortunately the fort is only opened to visiting dignitaries and heads of state and not open to the general public, but it's still possible to climb the steep stairs up to the top and to enjoy the view.
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Muscat.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al_Jalali_Fort.

Muscat: Al Mirani Fort
Built at the same time as Al Jalali Fort which it faces across the harbour. This fort has also been converted to a museum which is closed to the general public, but it can be freely appreciated from the outside.
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Muscat.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Mirani_Fort.

Muscat: Bawshar Fort
A large, photogenic ruined mud-brick fortress in a scenic location. Behind the fortress are scattered ruins and a long rampart wall, still unexcavated. Along the ridgeline in the hills are some prehistoric beehive graves. Free.
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Muscat.

Muscat: Beaches
On private beaches (i.e. those attached to hotels) western swimwear is acceptable. On public beaches, however, visitors should be mindful of Omani conservative norms. Women are advised to stick with one-piece suits, and men should wear longer swimming shorts (not speedos); keep shoulders and knees covered unless you are actually on the beach. Women may find a parasol helpful to hide from prying eyes.
Beaches with a sign 'Family Beach' are closed to single or bachelor men.
8 Qurum Public Beach (Qurum). No facilities except open showers. Clean and well-maintained, with places offering jetskis for rent near the Intercontinental. This beach gets very busy on weekends. Free. edit
9 Marjan Public Beach (PDO Public Beach) (near Petroleum Development Oman (PDO), Qurum Heights). This beach is quiet during the day, and more lively in early evenings. There are some small, excellent coral reefs just a short distance from the shore, suitable even for novice snorkelers. Clown fish, parrot fish, sea cucumbers, and occasionally sea turtles and rays can be spotted here. Free. edit
10 Al Ghubrah Public Beach (between the Chedi Hotel and the desalination plant, Al Ghubrah). This is a family-oriented beach, with picnic benches and shaded areas. In the evening near the desalination plant there are several food trucks which offer good and inexpensive fare, including grilled meat and fish, lentil soup, and potato salads. Free. edit
11 Seeb Public Beach (Seeb). This is a long stretch of beach, with some sections quite busy, and some sections accessible only with 4WD. Free. edit
12 Al Bustan Public Beach (near the Al Bustan Palace Hotel). Named after the hotel, this beach has a good view of the mountains behind. Free. edit
For the exact locations of the beaches see there.

Muscat: Corniche and Fish Market
Formerly a fishing village, Mutrah is known primarily for its extensive souq and waterfront corniche. Mutrah harbour is also where the Sultan's royal yacht is docked.
8 Corniche, Al Bahri Rd. The renovated corniche area is a popular place for a walk and also for its many not-so-expensive eating places. There are also good view of the fishing dhows in the harbour. edit
9 Fish market (fish souq), Al Bahri Rd (along the Corniche, across from the Marina Hotel). Daily 6-10AM. Visitors can watch fishermen unload and sell the catch of the day.

Muscat: Gate Museum
Sa-Th 8AM-2PM. This museum marks the location of the old city wall, and has the original city gates which were used until the 1970s. The location offers good views of Old Muscat and the palace.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muscat_Gate_Museum.

Muscat: Mutrah Fort
Built by the Portuguese in the 1580s, this fort is not open to the public, but visitors are permitted to climb up the hill to the outside for a good view of the area.

Muscat: Mutrah Suq
The maze-like souq (marketplace) is often described as the best in the Gulf region. The souq has many shops for jewellery, traditional Omani handicrafts and Omani food at reasonable prices. Some specific items to look for include Arab hand-embroidered mussar (shawls intended to be worn as turbans, RO 10+), garments, nuts, spices, incense, and earthenware. A few shops accept credit cards.

Muscat: Qasr Al Alam Royal Palace
This is the office of Sultan Qaboos, ruler of Oman. This beautiful palace stands on the head of a natural deep water harbour and is guarded on either side by the twin forts of Mirani and Jelali. Visitors are not allowed to visit the palace, but they are allowed to take photographs at the entrance of the palace.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al_Alam_Palace.

Muscat: Qurm National Park
Has extensive rose gardens, a large manmade waterfall, a lake and an amusement park which is a must to visit during the Muscat Festival.

Muscat: Sohar boat
Al Bustan Roundabout (near the Al Bustan Palace Hotel in Qantab). This boat was built in the dhow yards of Sur, south of Muscat. In 1980 Tim Severin and a crew of Omanis sailed in this vessel from Oman to Guangzhou, China in an effort to recreate the legendary voyages of Sindbad. Severin wrote about the undertaking in his book 'The Sindbad Voyage'.

Muscat: Sultan Qaboos Grand Mosque
Sa-Th 9-11AM (for non-Muslims). This is the third largest mosque in the world and mostly the entire complex is open to non-Muslim visitors; ladies are however expected to keep their heads, ankles and wrists covered while visiting the mosque. Must-sees in the mosque include the Swarovski crystal chandelier, the second largest hand made Persian carpet in the world, and the marble panelling.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sultan_Qaboos_Grand_Mosque.

Muscat: Watchtower and Amusement Park
This park also has a small funfair with rides. Great views can be had from the giant incense burner perched on the hillside. Visited in The Amazing Race 9.
This restored Portuguese watchtower on the waterfront is a good place to catch views of the sunset.

Nabi Shu'ayo
In Druze (and Muslim) tradition, this is the burial site of the prophet Shu'ayb (called Jethro in the Bible). Visitors are welcome. You can take photographs, but not in the tomb chamber. From April 25-28 each year, the Druze have a massive pilgrimage to this site.
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Lower_Galilee.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nabi_Shu%27ayb.

Nablus
Nablus (Arabic نابلس, Hebrew שכם, Shechem) is a large city (population approximately 300,000) within the Palestinian Territories, in the Central Highlands of the West Bank, some 63 km north of Jerusalem.
Nablus is one of the oldest cities in the world, possibly established 9,000 years ago. It was called "Shechem" by its Canaanite and Israelite inhabitants. Shechem was the first capital of the northern ancient Israelite kingdom. The Romans built a new city (Flavia Neapolis, in honor of Flavius Vespasian) a short distance from Shechem. The name Nablus comes from Neapolis. The old city of Nablus is on the site of Neapolis, but in modern times the city has grown to include the site of Shechem as well.
Nablus is distinguished by its location in a narrow valley between the two mountains Gerizim and Ebal. This makes for an impressive view when you are in the city.
During the British Mandate (1917–1948), Nablus became the core of Palestinian Arab Nationalism, and it was the center of resistance against the British. After the 1948 Arab-Israeli war, Nablus came under Jordanian rule, and two refugee camps were built near the city. In 1967, Nablus was occupied by the Israeli army for years, which caused much damage to the city. Three refugee camps were added to accommodate the people who fled to the city.
Nablus was invaded and occupied in 2002 during the Second Intifada, and has been raided frequently ever since. Nablus has a particularly high concentration of open anti-Israeli sentiments for a major West Bank city; you can see many memorials to Palestinians killed during Israeli attacks in the old city, and the Israeli Defense Force (IDF) and Palestinian militants occasionally clash in some parts of greater Nablus such as the refugee camps. There are many damaged buildings and debris-filled fields around Nablus, the result of past Israeli aerial bombing, but the residents of Nablus have been working hard on repairing their city and the visible damage lessens every day. Israeli restrictions on the city are generally looser than they used to be, and a visit to Nablus in the daytime is a safe and worthwhile trip.
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Nablus.

Nablus: Jacob's Well
The spot where it is believed that a Samaritan woman offered a drink from the well to Jesus and he then revealed to her that he was the Messiah (John 4:5), is located here. All Western monotheistic religions also believe this to be a site where Jacob camped near Shechem during his travels, hence the name. A Greek Orthodox Church is located on the site, and it is free to tour. Its hours are unpredictable, however. Ask a taxi driver downtown to take you to "Be'er Ya'akov" (₪2-5). If you come for a visit, do not venture down the road away from the city center as you will find yourself inside rough neighbourhoods.
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Nablus.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacob%27s_Well.

Nablus: Joseph's Tomb
In the eastern part of the city is a Muslim and Jewish holy site; however, it closes sporadically and it may not be possible to visit. As of March 2008 Joseph's Tomb had part of the roof destroyed and has been burnt out. Of the two Palestinian guards, one spoke English, and after radioing in advised that photos could not be taken without permission.
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Nablus.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph%27s_Tomb.

Nablus: Old City and Souq
This is a charming area filled with winding narrow streets and small shops selling all kinds of foods, clothing, and trinkets. Simply enter the alleyways leading into it nearby the massive parking garage in the center of town, and wander around until you recognize every street.
The Souq (The q is silent) is a typical colorful and loud Palestinian vegetable market located right in the center of town. Look for the tent roofs.

Nablus: Tel Balata
Daily 8AM - 3PM. Tell Balata archaeological site, near Nablus, the site contains the remains of a Middle Bronze Age city with a massive fortification wall (ca. 1650-1450 BC), two impressive gates and a fortress temple. The site has been identified as ancient Shechem, known from Egyptian and biblical references. Tell Balata was an important cultural and political centre due to its strategic location at the eastern end of a pass between Mt. Gerizim and Mt. Ebal. It was overlooking the plain of Askar and commanded all traffic through the area. It was also a centre for agriculture and trade, it has been called “the uncrowned queen of Palestine”. The archaeological evidence on the history on the site is the result of German and American excavation during the 20th century. It shows that Tell Balata was first settled in the Chalcolithic period (c.4000- 3500 BC) and developed into a city during the Middle and Late Bronze Age. The site was used again during the Iron Age and throughout the Hellenistic times until the 1st century BC. After the Hellenistic times the focus of the settlement shifted further west to the newly established Roman town of Flavia Neapolis, now known as Nablus. Tell Balata is a potential World Heritage Site as part of "Old Town Nablus and its environs". The site is being developed by a joined Palestinian-Dutch project, in cooperation with UNESCO, into Tell Balata Archaeological Park. Facilities for visitors will be provided, as of 2013 there will be a visitor centre.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tell_Balata.

Nablus: Monastery of Bir el-Hamam
Seen from all over Nablus, this monastery offers a great from above Nablus. The archaeological site included a complex of household installation and spaces, such as an open courtyard, a rain-fed cistern, a stable, and a kitchen. It also included a room with a mosaic floor with fragments of religious texts. This room gave access to an exceptional space of a chapel with colourful mosaics and a dedicatory text for three deceased ‘brothers, lovers of Christ’. A nicely decorated chancel screen separated the holy eastern part, the bema, with its altar table, from the main room.

Nablus: Mount Gerizim
Check for the hours, as this place does not seem to be open all the time. The top of the mountain hosts the community of "Kiryat Luza", one of the only two Samaritan communities left in the world. The Samaritans are an ancient offshoot of Judaism who believe that Mount Gerizim, and not the Temple Mount in Jerusalem, is the location of the Holy of the Holies. The Samaritans of Nablus hold both Palestinian and Israeli ID cards and historically have had good relations with both the Palestinians and the Israelis (they are also represented in the Nablus Municipality). The Palestinians of Nablus revere the Samaritans alleged ability to predict the future with palm readings by using the Samaritan holy books. Kiryat Luza offers tours of their community and even has a gift shop. Genetic studies have made the hypothesis that much of Nablus' Palestinian population are descendants of Samaritans who converted to Islam throughout the centuries of Muslim rule of the Holy Land.

Nahal Taninim
Winter 08:00-16:00, summer 08:00-17:00, closing one hour earlier on Fridays and eve of holidays. Named for the crocodiles that in the past inhabited the nearby Kebara swamps. The remains are still visible today. It is inhabited nowadays by many different birds. ₪22/9 adult/child.
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Israeli_Coastal_Plain.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nahal_Taninim.

Nakhal: Hot Spring
Picnic place and hot spring. Nice, but you won't be alone here during the day time. Camping possible if you come early and not all spots are taken by picnicers who stay until after dark. If you camp here, you might have the spring for yourself in the early morning.

Nakhal: Nakhal Fort
Sa-Th 09:00-16:00; F 08:00-11:00. A restored fortress with a history dating to the pre-Islamic era, scenically set on a rocky outcropping at the base of the northern Hajar Mountains. The fort houses a museum of historic guns. 500 Bzs (adults).
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nakhal_Fort.

Natur: Ein Keshatot
Note there is a 25 NIS entry fee!
Umm el-Qanatir, also spelled Umm el-Kanatir (Arabic: ام القناطر, romanized: Umm al-Qanāṭir, lit. 'mother of the arches'), also known as Ein Keshatot (Hebrew: עין קשתות, lit. 'spring of the arches'), is an archaeological site on the Golan Heights, whose main phase is dated to the mid-5th–8th centuries.[1][2] Excavations have revealed a Roman-period settlement, first inhabited by pagans and later by Jews, who left behind the ruins of an exquisite synagogue when they abandoned the town after it being destroyed by the catastrophic 749 earthquake.[1] The site is located 10 kilometres east of the Dead Sea Transform,[3] one kilometre southwest of Natur.[1]
Identification attempts based on Jewish sources have led to two possible ancient names: Kantur, mentioned by Rabbi Menachem di Luzano in his book Ma'arikh (16th/early 17th century);[4] and Qamtra, the name of a place mentioned in the Talmud and with a Jewish past dating back to the Byzantine period.[2][5]
Taken from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umm_el-Qanatir.
For more see there and at https://einkeshatot.org.il/en/visitor-information/.

Nazareth
Nazareth (Arabic الناصرة an-Nāṣirah, Hebrew נצרת Nasarat) is a city in northern Israel. It is the largest Arab city in Israel proper, having a population of 60,000, a harmonious mix of Muslims (70%) and Christians (about 30%).
Nazareth is best known as the home of Joseph and Mary and hence also Jesus, although the New Testament states that he was born in Bethlehem.
A number of Christian holy places in Nazareth are associated with the Annunciation, the childhood and the early ministry of Jesus. In addition to the imposing Basilica of the Annunciation, these sites include the Greek Orthodox Church of the Archangel Gabriel (built over the freshwater spring known as "Mary’s Well"), the Greek Catholic "Synagogue Church" (assumed site of the synagogue where the young Jesus was taught, and where he later read from Isaiah), and the Franciscan Church of St. Joseph (built over a cave identified since the 17th century as the "workshop" of Joseph).
As the place where Jesus grew up, studied and lived most of his life (and regarded by most historians to be his likely historical birthplace), Nazareth has for 2,000 years been closely identified with Christianity and has attracted hundreds of millions of pilgrims from around the world. Nazareth is also Israel’s largest Arab city and as such serves as a major cultural center. Over the past decade the historical Old City has been extensively renovated, preserving and restoring the architectural beauty and unique character of its narrow lanes and alleys. The combination of these three elements – history, culture and architecture – assures the Old City of Nazareth a place among the most beautiful historical destinations in the world.
Nazareth is bordered by the predominantly Jewish city of Nof HaGalil.
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Nazareth.

Nazareth: Greek Orthodox Church of the Annunciation
Built above a spring believed to be the source of a well where Mary drew water each day. This is the site where the Greek Orthodox tradition maintains that the Angel Gabriel revealed to Mary knowledge of the impending birth of Jesus. The Orthodox Museum is closed. Those working at the church are temperamental, and have been known to arbitrarily shout at or remove pilgrims from the church.
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Nazareth.

Nazareth: Mary's Well
The structure surrounding Mary’s Well (known as el-Sabil in Arabic) was renovated and restored to its original form. Mary’s Well is the symbol of Nazareth Municipality. Next to Mary’s Well is a pleasant souvenir shop named Cactus, belonging to Elias and Martina Shama. After buying the shop in the 1990s, the Shamas discovered that beneath it was concealed one of the most exciting and important discoveries in Nazareth in recent history: a network of beautifully preserved ancient stone arches that once supported a giant bath house. It is believed the exposed remains beneath the shop may date back to the ancient Roman era – that is, to the time of Jesus – and have been fed by the same water that supplied Mary’s Well. There is an entrance fee to the site, but no advance reservation is necessary and guided explanations and hot and cold drinks are available to visitors.
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Nazareth.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mary%27s_Well.

Nazareth: St. Joseph’s Church
Daily 09:00-11:45 & 14:00-17:30. next to the Basilica of the Annunciation. Also known as Church of the Nutrition and Joseph’s Workshop, because it is believed that the cavern in the basement was Joseph’s carpentry shop, Built in 1914, on the foundations of a Crusader church, with Romanesque influences.

Nazareth: The Basilica of the Annunciation
M-Sa 08:30-23:45 & 14:00-17:50; Su and feasts 14:00-17:30. Winter, M-Sa 09:00-11:45 & 14:00-16:30; Su and feasts 14:00-16:30. built above the sunken grotto which according to the Roman Catholic faith was the home of the Virgin Mary and the place where she received the Annunciation (the announcement of the imminent birth of Jesus). The large and impressive modern-day church is built above the remains of churches dating back to Crusader and Byzantine times, still visible on the lower level. The church boasts dozens of pictures donated by Christian communities around the world. The largest Church in the Middle East and one of Christianity’s holiest shrines, its imposing dome dominates the Nazareth skyline and is an ideal landmark and starting point for visiting other churches. It marks the spot where the Archangel Gabriel Informed the Virgin Mary that God had chosen her to bear his son; there is also a tradition that Mary lived in a house on this site. The complex of the modern Basilica is built on two levels. The lower one, marking the traditional Roman Catholic site of the Annunciation, contains ancient remains of churches from the Byzantiane and Crusader eras. During archaeological excavations, relics were found dating back to the Canaanite settlement of Nazareth, though the most interesting find was of a typical Nazarene house, hewn out of the rock, from the Roman Period. The upper level, built between 1959 and 1969 on the site of an 18th-century church, is in strikingly modern architectural style. With its stained- glass windows highlighted against bare stone.A garden and courtyard connect the Basilica to St. Joseph’s Church and Workshop. Admission to the Basilica is free.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basilica_of_the_Annunciation.

Nimrod Fortress
Winter 08:00-16:00, summer 08:00-17:00, closing one hour earlier on Fridays and eve of holidays. An ancient fortress in the northern Golan Heights, built in the 13th century by Muslim rulers to defend against a possible Crusader attack. It is located on a steep mountain ridge, with deep forested ravines on either side, and has a stupendous view of its surroundings. A trail leads from the fortress's west edge downhill several kilometres to Banias, another important historical and nature site in the area. Hike: ~2 hr. ₪22/9 adult/child, ₪41/20 adult/child combined with Banias.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nimrod_Castle.

Nisco Museum of Mechanical Music
The full name of this place may sound pompus, but the Nisco Museum of Mechanical Music and Music Boxes is actually one of the most surprising and enchanted places in Ein Hod (and the entire galaxy). Museum founder Nisan Cohen spent the past 40 odd years collecting dozens of music boxes and strange musical instruments from all over the world. Here, they are presented in a fascinating display of mechanical music instruments, some of which are more than 100 years old.
Taken from https://www.ein-hod.org/en/nisco-museum/.
For more see https://www.atlasobscura.com/places/nisco-museum.

Nizwa Fort
Sa-Th 09:00-16:00, F 09:00-11:00. Built in 1668 by Imam Sultan bin Saif al Ya'rubi, this imposing fort is one of Oman's most-visited national monuments. In the early 1950s the large round tower of the fort was bombed by the British Royal Air Force during the revolt. It houses a museum, and from the tower there are good views of Nizwa and the surrounding date plantations. OMR .50.
Nizwa was the capital of Oman in the 6th and 7th century, and is known as one of the first cities in Oman to convert to Islam. For centuries it was a seat of conservative Islamic scholarship, and was considered to be so hostile to outsiders that even in the mid-20th century the explorer Wilfred Thesiger was forced to abandon his attempts to visit the city.
In the 1950s Nizwa revolted against the Sultan of Muscat; this was eventually suppressed with the aid of British forces. Since the 1970s it has quickly modernized, yet managed to retain its traditional character in its newer architecture. Today the city is known for date cultivation, the most highly prized varieties of which are khalas and khumaizi.
Nizwa is located at the base of the Hajar Mountains, and can be a good base for day trips into the mountains or nearby wadis. It is now after Muscat the second city most visited by foreigners.
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Bahla.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nizwa_Fort.

Petra: Ad Deir (Monastery)
The largest carved monument in Petra, dates back to the 1st century AD. The interior, like that of the Treasury, is underwhelming in comparison to the façade. The more than 800 steps up to the Monastery can take over an hour, and even if you take a donkey you will have to walk and climb for about 10 minutes near the end.
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Petra.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ad_Deir.

Petra: Entry Fee and Opening Hours
Petra is open to visits 06:00-17:00 in winter, and 06:00-18:00 in summer, daily throughout the year.
What may be one of the most expensive admissions to any archaeological site in the world. The entry ticket to Petra costs 90 JD for one day visitors to Jordan (i.e., those that have arrived in Jordan from some other country, e.g. Israel, on the day of the visit and will be returning there for the night). Tourists that overnight in the country or on a cruise ship pay 50 JD for 1 day, 55 JD for 2 days or 60 JD for 3 days. Bring your passport to prove you entered Jordan at least one day before. If entered the same day, your room key will be asked by the ticket seller. Students have to pay the full price, except those who enroll in a Jordanian university, for whom the admission price drops sharply to 1 JD.
Do not attempt to purchase tickets from dubious scalpers around town! Time permitting, the two-day pass is recommended, as there is much to see and do in Petra. For more than one day, the ticket office can ask for your passport as the ticket has your first name on it.
The Jordan Pass (purchased online before coming to Jordan) gives you access to over 30 sights and attractions in Jordan, including Petra, Wadi Rum Protected Area and Jerash. And the fee on the regular 40 JD visa is waived when entering Jordan, if you stay at least four days in the country. (If you leave before, you will have to pay the 40 JD at the border when exiting.) There are three different types available, depending on the length of your stay in Petra: 70, 75, or 80 JD for one, two, or three days in Petra. Also read Jordan#Jordan Pass.
In case you travel on a shoestring or really do not have the money for Petra, there is a way to see parts of Petra without having a ticket. From the highway south of Wadi Musa there leads a track to the top of the mountain that faces the Treasury. You can get some pretty good shots from there. Try OpenStreetMap, which many mobile Apps like OsmAnd or Mapy.cz, use to identify the track or look for an according GPX file for GPS navigation.
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Petra.

Petra: High Place of Sacrifice
The site at the top of the mountain contains elaborate rock altars used for sacrifices. From the High Place, one can view much of Petra from above. Beautiful scenery. It can get cold and windy up there. The trek down the back side of the mountain reveals many interesting tombs and carvings that might be missed by the average tourist. The round trip generally takes 1.5-2.5 hr. Not many people go through the back route as it's not always clear where it starts - ask or use OpenStreetMap to identify the track. You might even try to use the direct track to the Treasury, which is even harder to find and not official, even though the staircases are clearly visible from down the Treasury.
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Petra.

Petra: Little Petra
A scaled down version of Petra, is accessible by taxi or from Petra. It is less traveled than the main site and is well worth the visit if you spend more than a day in Wadi Musa. Approximate cost for a cab ride to and from the site, including having the taxi wait for an hour or so, is 25 JD (Oct 2018). There is also at least one minibus leaving from the bus station (city center) around 12:00. Price: Free.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Little_Petra.

Petra: Pool and Garden Complex
The Petra Garden and Pool Complex is a name given to a series of structures within the center of the city of Petra. Originally said to be a market area,[1] excavations at the site have allowed scholars to identify it as an elaborate Nabataean garden, which included a large swimming pool, an island-pavilion, and an intricate hydraulic system.[2][3][4] This is the only known example of such a structure at Petra, or at other Nabataean sites in the region, and has therefore featured prominently in discussions about the wealth of elites at Petra and the role of water in displaying power and prestige. While other structures, such as the nearby Nymphaeum, also require water management infrastructure, the Petra Garden and Pool Complex is unique in its combination of hydrology, exotic vegetation, and architecture.
Taken from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petra_Pool_and_Garden_Complex.

Petra: Qasr al-Bint
The Qasr al-Bint is a religious temple in the Nabataean city of Petra. It faces the Wadi Musa and is located to the northwest of the Great Temple and to the southwest of the Temple of the Winged Lions. One of the best preserved of the ancient structures surviving in Petra today, it stands near the monumental gate and was a key focal point on the colonnaded street, as well as a focus of religious worship.[1]
Taken from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qasr_al-Bint.

Petra: Royal Tombs
On the side of the valley opposite the Roman Theater and a short walk up the hill, are the tombs. The name was given because they are quite grand in scale compared to the others in the area, but it is unclear for whom the tombs were built.

Petra: Siq
The entrance to Petra is a long, winding sandstone canyon (about 2 km). There are minor carvings spotted here and there throughout the Siq, but the most impressive sights are the colorful and unusual sandstone patterns in the rock walls. There are also remains of terracotta pipes built into the sides of the canyon that were used in Roman times to carry water.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siq.

Petra: Street of Facades
Past the next bend is this part also sometimes called outer Siq, a large canyon lined with the facades of various tombs.

Petra: Theatre
At the end of the Street of Facades is the 7000-seat Roman Theater. The theater was created by the Nabateans but later enlarged by the Romans. It is still used for occasional performances.
A little farther from the Treasury, at the foot of the mountain called en-Nejr, is a massive theatre, positioned so as to bring the greatest number of tombs within view. At the point where the valley opens out into the plain, the site of the city is revealed with striking effect. The theatre was cut into the hillside and into several of the tombs during its construction. Rectangular gaps in the seating are still visible. Almost enclosing it on three sides are rose-coloured mountain walls, divided into groups by deep fissures and lined with knobs cut from the rock in the form of towers.[6] The theatre was said to hold around 8,500 people.[48] The performances that audiences were able to attend here were poetry readings and dramas. Gladiator fights were also said to be held here and attracted the most audience, although no gladiator was able to gain any momentum or fame due to the heavy mortality rate that came with it. The theatre was one of many structures in Petra that took significant damage due to the 363 Galilee earthquake.
Taken from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petra#City_centre.

Petra: Treasury
Upon exiting the Siq, visitors can view this jaw-dropping grandeur. Be sure to note the urn atop the Treasury structure, it has been rumored that the urn contained a Pharaoh's hidden treasure, and the urn bears the bullet pock marks where Bedouin travellers throughout the years have tested the theory. Get there when the park opens at 06:00 or 06:30 (depending on the season) and you may have the Treasury all to yourself or with fewer than 5-10 people around and no vendors.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Khazneh.

Petra: What is it?
Petra (Arabic: البتراء, Al-Batrāʾ), the fabled "rose red city, half as old as time", is a well known ancient Nabataean city in the south of Jordan. Due to its breathtaking grandeur and fabulous ruins, Petra was recognized as a World Heritage Site by UNESCO in 1985.
Petra was the impressive capital of the Nabataean kingdom from around the 6th century BC. The kingdom was absorbed into the Roman Empire in AD 106 and the Romans continued to expand the city. An important center for trade and commerce, Petra continued to flourish until a catastrophic earthquake destroyed buildings and crippled vital water management systems around AD 663. After Saladin's conquest of the Middle East in 1189, Petra was abandoned and the memory of it was lost to the West.
The ruins remained hidden to most of the world until the Swiss explorer, Johann Ludwig Burckhardt, disguised as an Arab scholar, infiltrated the Bedouin-occupied city in 1812. Burckhardt's accounts of his travels inspired other Western explorers and historians to discover the ancient city further. The most famous of these was David Roberts, a Scottish artist who created a number of accurate and detailed illustrations of the city in 1839.
The first real excavations of the site were in 1929 after the forming of Trans-Jordan. Since that time, Petra has become by far Jordan's largest tourist attraction, partially due to the exposure by the Steven Spielberg movie, Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade, in 1989. Due to the fantastic engineering accomplishments and the fact of its being well-preserved, the archaeological site was chosen in July 2007 as one of the New Seven Wonders of the World.
Petra is the archaeological site and Wadi Musa is the city nearby.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petra.

Petra: Tomb Staircases
Just after the last tomb on the side of the Royal Tombs, there leads a staircase up the mountain which gives a good view of the Petra area. At the very end of this track there is a camp giving a great view from above the Treasury.

Qalhat
Once an important port on the route between East Africa and Asia, ancient Qalhat is inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage List. Sadly, nowadays little is left of the city that greatly impressed the 14th century Moroccan traveller and scholar Ibn Battuta.
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Central_Coastal_Oman.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qalhat.

Ramallah
Ramallah or Ram Allah (Arabic رام الله Rāmallāh) is a small city in the West Bank region of the Palestinian Territories, located 15 km (10 miles) north of Jerusalem. Since the inception of the Palestinian National Authority, Ramallah has acted as the de facto capital city of the Palestinian administration.
In 2017, the city had a population of 39,000, and the metro area 153,000.
Ramallah is known for its religiously relaxed atmosphere; alcohol flows freely and movie theaters and the cafes along its main streets are well attended. Ramallah is, without question, the cultural capital of the West Bank, with a highly educated and fashionable population. It is also the hub of Palestinian feminist activity; the city's women frequently attend university rather than marrying early, and several cafes run exclusively by women are used to fund local feminist organizations.
While there, it is easy to make small talk with the locals. Unless you are firmly anti-Israeli occupation, it is advisable that you do more listening than actual talking yourself, however. For the most part, Palestinians are glad to share their problems and plight with any western visitors.
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Ramallah.

Ramallah: The Palestinian Museum
Hosts rotating exhibitions on Palestinian history, society and culture.
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Ramallah.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Palestinian_Museum.

Ramallah: Yasser Arafat Museum and Mausoleum
Tu-Su 10:00-17:00. The museum is in the building where Arafat was held under siege by the Israeli Army in 2002. The museum is interesting in a way that it displays the Palestinian, sometimes a little questionable but interesting view of the difficult past. ₪5.
The mausoleum is the only part of the Mukata'a two-block complex tourists can visit. You will be asked by the armed guards at the gate to leave any bags (large or small) with them but they will allow you to take your camera with you to visit the tomb. Inside you will find a couple of soldiers standing guard over the tomb. This seems to be a ceremonial guard and they will not object to your taking photos inside there, even of yourself or others next to the marble gravestone. Free.
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Ramallah.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yasser_Arafat.

Ramla: British Military Cemetery (with Harry Potter's grave)
Best known for the grave of a soldier named Harry Potter, who was killed in the Arab revolt against the British in 1939. The grave reportedly receives many visitors each year on July 31, which is the birthday of the fictional Harry Potter.
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Ramla.

Ramla: Poll of the Arches
An underground water reservoir with impressive arches holding up its roof. Built in the 8th century. You can get in a rowboat and paddle underground between the arches. Highly recommended, especially on hot days, as the pool remains cool. ₪14.
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Ramla.

Ramla: Tower of Ramla/White Tower
Was built in the 13th century. It served as the minaret of the White Mosque (al-Masjid al-Abyad) erected by Caliph Suleiman in the 8th century CE, of which only remnants remain today. The tower is six stories high, with a spiral staircase of 119 steps. You may be able to walk up to the top, where there are great views of the Tel Aviv area.
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Ramla.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/White_Mosque_of_Ramle.

Red Canyon
A canyon that illuminates colourfully during the day and looks like a smaller version of the entrance Siq to Petra, just without the concreted path. It is particularly popular during sunset. Great for hiking close to Eilat, with close-by Mount Neshef, a camp ground and a car park. Free.
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Negev.

Revivim
One of the first kibbutzim in the Negev, founded in 1938. In 1947 an international commission visited, and they were so impressed by what they saw that they decided to grant the Negev to Israel in order to "make the desert bloom". Thus, in the 1947 partition plan, the mostly uninhabited Negev was included in the planned borders of the Jewish state. Mitzpeh Revivim, a lookout point with the original kibbutz building, is now a museum worth visiting.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Revivim.

Riad: Al Masmak Palace Museum
The heart of old Riyadh, this was the fortress stormed by King Abdul Aziz and his men in their daring reconquest of Riyadh in 1902. Renovated in 2008 to an inch of its life, the mud brick structure now looks like it was built yesterday, but the museum inside does a pretty good job of recounting the story of the raid and has some fascinating photos of old Riyadh as well. Alas, the second half is devoted to extolling the greatness of the Sauds in everything from agriculture to education. Free.
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Riyadh.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Masmak_fort.

Riad: As-Sufaat
Next to the Great Mosque and the mutawwa headquarters, this nondescript expanse of cement is known by expats as Chop-Chop Square as convicts are publicly beheaded with a scimitar here. Executions take place on Friday mornings at 9 AM, but not every week, and no notice is given in advance. Beware that any Westerners nearby have been known to be taken to the front row and forced to watch the whole thing, in order to further shame the condemned. It is forbidden to take photos of executions or to record videos of them.
Thinking of going to see a beheading?
"You don't want to see one," an older friend of mine named Fred told me a short time later.
"Why not?"
"Believe me, you're going to see enough ugly stuff by the time you're my age without having to carry around the memory of a beheading the rest of your life," Fred said. "You think it won't bother you, but it's a hard thing to see. Harder to forget. Wish I never went."
-- Victor Hanson, Letter #11 from Saudi Arabia
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Riyadh.

Riad: Kingdom Center
Daily 4-11PM. Undoubtedly Riyadh's most stunning piece of modern architecture, at 305 m the Kingdom Centre is the second tallest building in Saudi Arabia and quite a sight, especially when lit up at night. The centre hosts an (expensive) three-story shopping mall, with one floor reserved for women, but the main reason to visit is the 99th-floor Skybridge connecting the two peaks at a height of 300 m. Best visited at dusk or after dark, from here you'll get great views over the vast and flat but well-lit expanse of the city. SR60 (Skybridge).
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Riyadh.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_Centre.

Riad: Murabba Palace
Su-F 6-9PM. Riyadh's second old mud-brick palace, built by King Abdul Aziz after he conquered Masmak Fortress and figured he should built something harder to conquer. This two-story structure does indeed look pretty intimidating, but permits are no longer needed to venture inside, where you can find sights including the first royal Rolls-Royce. Free.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Murabba_Palace.

Riad: National Museum
Open Sa M W Th 8AM-8PM F 4PM-8PM Su 8AM-2PM. Undoubtedly the top sight in Riyadh, this museum (opened in 1999) is done up with the latest technology and is very accessible to visitors, with almost everything available in English. There are so many video presentations and mini-theatres that you could probably spend an entire day here doing virtual tours of Madain Salih or watching re-enactments of the Prophet Mohammed's battle of Medina. Highlights include a kiswah cloth that once covered the Kaaba in Mecca. Half the time, though, it feels more like a propaganda exercise than a museum: the display on plate tectonics starts with a quote from the Quran, the history of the Sauds is rather airbrushed, and the display on the birth of Mohammed, reached from the clash and noise of the Jahiliyah (age of ignorance) by riding an escalator up into a room of soothing, pastel light while a choir of angels sings, has probably inspired a few conversions to Islam. Many cabbies will not recognize the English name, ask for the neighboring Murabba Palace (Qasr al-Murabba) instead. Free.

Riyadh: Diriyah
Located on a hill overlooking Wadi Hanifa, Al-Dir'iyyah, on the northwestern outskirts of Riyadh, is the ancestral home of the Saudi royal family and served as the Saudi capital until 1818. The ruins of the old city are being restored and renovated. Opened as of December 2022.
Diriyah[1] (Arabic: الدِرْعِيّة), formerly romanized as Dereyeh[2] and Dariyya,[3] is a town in Saudi Arabia located on the north-western outskirts of the Saudi capital, Riyadh. Diriyah was the original home of the Saudi royal family, and served as the capital of the Emirate of Diriyah under the first Saudi dynasty from 1727 to 1818. Today, the town is the seat of the Diriyah Governorate, which also includes the villages of Uyayna, Jubayla, and Al-Ammariyyah, among others, and is part of Ar Riyad Province.
The Turaif district, the first capital of Saudis,[4][5] in Diriyah was declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2010. The layout of the city itself can be easily studied in the National Museum of Saudi Arabia with the help of a large-scale detailed model of the city on display there. Diriyah also hosts the Diriyah ePrix race for the Formula E championship.
Taken from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diriyah.

Riyadh: Wadi Hanefa
A dry and sharply defined riverbed (wadi) begins about 40 km north of Riyadh and runs in a north-south direction for over 120 km, cutting through the western edge of the city, known as Wadi Hanifah. Wadi Hanifah was once the lifeblood of the Riyadh area, rich in groundwater, filled with palm groves and farms and dotted with a string of small towns and villages throughout history. The Wadi has been used as a large dumping ground for wastewater, sewage, and industrial waste, but an ambitious rehabilitation project has been completed. An 80 km stretch running through western Riyadh is now essentially an 80-km desert park, though many parts of the Wadi floor are occupied by private estates and farms with high walls. The Wadi has several entry points, but perhaps the easiest route is by taking King Abdullah Road west past the university and into the town of Arqah. Eventually, you will reach a large round-about. Take the exit heading downwards into the Wadi. Follow the road even as it winds and weaves its way through the Wadi (do not be tempted to turn onto any side streets). Eventually, you will reach a police checkpoint, to the left of which is an entry point to the Wadi floor. A narrow paved road runs along the Wadi floor. Heading southwards, you will eventually find designated picnic and barbecue spots facing the Wadi's cliff-like walls.
While dry for most of the year, wadis can flood very quickly with a moderate amount of rain. Never approach a wadi during the rain or even its immediate aftermath. Even looking over the edge of a wadi can be dangerous as the Wadi's edges can break off during the rain. Every year, several deaths are reported from flash floods all across Saudi Arabia.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wadi_Hanifa.

Rosh Haniqra Grottoes and Closed Border
Rosh Haniqra (Hebrew: ראש הנקרה "head of the rock caves"; also transliterated Rosh Hanikra) is a dazzlingly white coastal rock cliff formation on the far northern coast of Israel, next to the Lebanese border.
9:00–16/18:00 (winter & Fridays / summer & Saturdays). ₪45/36 adult / child, senior, disabled & soldier. Combined tickets for the Akko sites and the golf car usage at the bottom are available. To see the border with Lebanon and the cliffs from the beach is free.
Rosh Haniqra is the northernmost point on the Mediterranean shore of Israel, the place where the chalk mountain ridge meets the sea essentially marking the (still hot!) border with Lebanon to the north. Despite its precarious location, visitors are safe (being mostly underground) and are rewarded by the sweet smelling limestone caverns and emerald-blue pools. The immediate coast is studded with inlets, lagoons and small beaches. On a clear day, the city of Haifa can be seen to the south.
The meaning of the words could be interpreted as "head of the cliff cave".
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Rosh_Haniqra.
For more see there and at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rosh_HaNikra_grottoes as well as at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rosh_HaNikra_Crossing.

Rujm el-Hiri
A large megalithic monument dating to around 3000 BCE. It consists of concentric stone circles, and is sometimes called the "Stonehenge of the Levant", without the big upstanding rocks but with a small cave inside. It is hypothesized to be an astronomical and/or ritual site. It looks very impressive from the air, but is difficult to appreciate from ground level.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rujm_el-Hiri.

Rustaq Fort
Sa-Th 09:00-16:00; F 08:00-11:00, 14:00-16:00. This restored fortress in the northern foothills has four watch towers and dates to the 13th century. The complex includes a mosque, a former prison and a falaj system. It has been nominated for listing as a UNESCO World Heritage site.

Safed: Abuhav Synangoge
Unique, beautiful, and most famous. It was built in the 1490s according to Kabbalistic architectural and spiritual beliefs.
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Safed.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abuhav_synagogue.

Safed: Ari Ashkenazi Synagogue
In memory of Rabbi Isaac Luria. Normally open for visitors on weekdays and boasts an ornate ark.
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Safed.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ari_Ashkenazi_Synagogue.

Safed: Citadel
Located at the very top of the Safed hill, the fortress is interesting to explore. The view from it is spectacular, overlooking Mount Meron, the Sea of Galilee, and far beyond. Bring a flash light for the hall/cave, with its entrance at the southern side of the little lower track circling the top.
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Safed.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Citadel_of_Safed.

Samar: Sands of Samar
Sand dunes just a bit out of the main kibbutz area; parts of the dunes now sit in Jordan. They were mined in the past but are now protected due to their unique ecological value.
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Samar_(Israel).
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sands_of_Samar.

Sede Boker and Ben Gurion's Hut
Sde Boker is a kibbutz in the central Negev (the south of Israel), most famous for being the past residence of the first prime minister of Israel, David Ben-Gurion, who moved there after he left his office in order to live his ideals of settling the Negev.
Su-Th 8:30AM-4PM, F 8:30AM-2PM, Sa 10AM-4PM. The house where the first prime minister of Israel, David Ben-Gurion, lived with his wife Paula, after leaving his office. It was preserved in almost the same shape as it was when Ben-Gurion lived there. Guided tours are available. Paid entrance.
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Sde_Boker.
For more see there and at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ben-Gurion%27s_hut.

Shilo
Shiloh a small Israeli settlement in the north-central West Bank, located near the historical site of the Samarian city of the same name.
Shiloh was a Canaanite city beginning in about the 18th century BCE.
After the Israelites settled the area (around the 13th century BCE), Shiloh became the central national religious shrine. It held this role until it was destroyed, apparently by the Philistines, around 1050 BCE. Within a century, Jerusalem was chosen as the site for a new central shrine (and has remained the center of Jewish worship ever since). Shiloh was rebuilt some time later, but never regained its former importance.
The Byzantine Christians were aware of the site's religious history, and built basilicas whose mosaic floors can still be seen today.
After the Six-Day War in 1967, the site came under Israeli rule, and in 1978 a Jewish settlement was established nearby. In the early 2000s, the archaeological site was prepared for tourists, and excavations continue. The modern settlement is now known as "Shiloh" and the historic site as "Tel Shiloh".
Shiloh is a historical site that has religious significance for Jews and Christians.
Entering the site from the south, the first thing you will see is a group of small modern buildings. Here you can get tours and explanations of the ritual service that was once practiced in Shiloh. This is also where you get admission tickets and can buy refreshments.
Walking north towards the ancient site, on your right are excavated Byzantine buildings, one of which has been fully reconstructed and is quite impressive. The mosaic floors here are worth seeing too.
Continuing north, you will reach the hill where the Biblical city of Shiloh was located. You can walk around it and see various remains from the Israelite period.
No traces of the Biblical shrine remain, and current opinions differ on whether it was atop the hill, or on a flat area just north of the hill. The current tourism authority seems to prefer the second opinion, as it has built an indoor theater atop the hill, which projects videos of the Biblical rituals onto a semitransparent screen which overlooks the flat area. The video is a little cheesy, but definitely worth seeing because it gives a vivid picture of what Shiloh was once like.
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Ariel.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shiloh_(biblical_city).

Shivta
07:00–15:00 on F, —16:00 in winter, —15:00 summer. An archaeological site with impressive Byzantine remains of a city in the heart of the desert, where usually there are no natural water sources around – astonishing churches, homes and streets. Many interesting details about the site can be found on the park official website. The location is quite remote – a long drive, and the closest bus stop is 5 km away. no admission.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shivta.

Silkroad
This is ROUGHLY the course of the main route of the Silk Road.
Of course, not EVERY trader used precicesly this route, but still most of the goods will have been transported roughly along this route.
The following cities were importand Silk Road stop-overs (from east to west):
Luoyang, Xi'an, Baoji, Wushan, Lanzhou, Wuwei, Dunhuang, Kashgar, Andijon, Kokand, Khujand, Samarkand, Bukhara, Merv/Mary/Meru, Mashhad, Teheran, Baghdad.
East of Luoyang and west of Baghdad the trade routes became more forked/ramified/diverse, which is why the term Silk Road usually only refers to the section between Luoyand and Baghdad, although the goods came usually from east of Luoyang and were transported beyond Baghdad to Anatolia, Europe and Northern Africa.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silk_Road.

Sir Bani Yas Island
Sir Bani Yas Island is 170 km southwest of the city of Abu Dhabi and 9 km offshore from Marsa Jebel Dhanna. The island is the UAE's largest naturally-occurring one, at 17 1/2 km from north to south and 9 km from east to west. Sir Bani Yas plays host to a wildlife reserve whose area is over 87 km2. Many varieties of animals, birds and plants live on the island, and in the water, there are dolphins and turtles.
The stars of the wildlife preserve are the flora and fauna, and a major attraction, therefore, is to go on a safari. However, you can also experience the island's hilly terrain on a bicycle, hike, snorkel, kayak, or do archery.
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Sir_Bani_Yas_Island.

St. George's Monastery
A cliff-hanging monastery complex, dating back to 420 AD. It houses the relics of Saint George of Choziba (circa 450–530 AD) and features an ancient chapel and irrigated gardens.

Sur: Dhow Shipyard
Sur is where authentic dhows are still built in the traditional fashion. NOTE: the locals don't call them "dhows" but rather safeena (ship) or suh-fin (ships). If you say "dhow," they'll be perplexed
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Sur.

Sur: Fish Market
Daily in the morning. Visitors can watch fishermen unload and sell the catch of the day.
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Sur.

Sur: Maritime Museum
If you are an enthusiast of hand-made wooden boats and ships, this is definitely worth a visit. Several old dhows are on display, the largest of which is the Fatih Al-Khair, built in Sur 150 years ago and now beautifully restored.
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Sur.

Sur: Sunaysilah Fort
Sa-Th 8:30am-2:30pm. If the "natour" (guardian) isn't there, just walk up to the fort itself and he'll see you, come sell you a ticket and then sit in the entrance hall while you look around the displays. It is possible to climb all four towers which offer great views of the town. Don't expect much in the way of history or signs. 500 Bzs.

Tabuk: Al Walidayn Mosque
From an architecture vewpoint this is most probably the most interesting mosque of Tabuk and possibly also the largest. Opened in 2014.
For more see https://www.arabnews.com/news/502796.

Tabuk: Castle
Free entry.
Built in 1559. Now houses a museum.
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Tabuk.
Tabuk Castle (Arabic: قلعة تبوك, qalʿat tabūk) is an ancient castle in Tabuk, the capital city of the Tabuk Region in northwestern Saudi Arabia, which dates back to 1559.[1] The castle has been rehabilitated and transformed into a museum open to all visitors.[2]
Although it is believed that castle was built about 3500 BC and mentioned in the Quran as of Aṣḥāb al-Aykah (Arabic: أَصْـحَـاب الْأَيْـكَـة "Companions of the Wood"),[3][4] the known origin dates back to 1559.[1] It was constructed to protect the water station as well as for security and surveillance purposes and was one of the stations on the Levant-Medina Haj road to welcome the pilgrims.[2][1][4]
The castle consists of two stories connected by a stairway and encompassing a mosque and various rooms where the second floor involves an open mosque.[1]
Taken from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tabuk_Castle.
Most of the text and citations in the mueseum refer to Mohammeds expedition to Tabuk, about which the people of Tabuk seem to be very proud.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Expedition_of_Tabuk.

Tabuk: Railway Station
Large regional history museum. The museum is built at the former railway station of the Hijaz railway, which once connected Damascus with Medina.
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Tabuk.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hejaz_railway.

Tel Aviv: Altalena Memorial
The Altalena Affair was a violent confrontation that took place in June 1948 by the newly created Israel Defense Forces against the Irgun (also known as Etzel), one of the Jewish paramilitary groups that were in the process of merging to form the IDF. The confrontation involved a cargo ship, the Altalena, captained by ex-US Navy lieutenant Monroe Fein and led by senior Etzel commander Eliyahu Lankin, which had been loaded with weapons and fighters by the independent Irgun, but arrived during the murky period of the Irgun's absorption into the IDF.[1][2]
Taken from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Altalena_Affair.

Tel Aviv: Ben Gurion Headstand Statue
Ben Gurion, besides being the first Prime Minister of Israel, was one of the key people to establish the state of Israel in 1948. He was a Polish Zionist who moved to the territories from his native country with the aim of creating a nation for the Jews.
Apart from being a great thinker, residents of the area of what is now known as the Ben Burion Boulevard (and Ben Yehuda) in Tel Aviv, said it was very common to see him doing exercise or yoga in his house’s front or at the beach.
In 1957, photographer Paul Goldman portrayed the moment Ben Gurion did a handstand at the beach in Tel Aviv. On that same spot, today there is a statue depicting the iconic image on Frishman Beach in Tel Aviv. The statue was made by the German company Artilink Productions, and was placed by the company Zebra Sets.
Although it is not an unforgettable site, it is a very funny postcard of the city, and if you dare to do a handstand with your friends, even more! Laughter guaranteed!
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Ben-Gurion.

Tel Aviv: Ilana Goor Museum
Ilana Goor Museum or Ilana Goor Residence and Museum (Hebrew: מוזיאון אילנה גור) is an Israeli museum situated in the historical part of Jaffa, the Mediterranean port town south of Tel Aviv. The museum was founded in 1995 by Ilana Goor, an artist, designer and sculptor.[1][2][3] Its eclectic collection has been called an "artistic jungle", but Goor considers it to have been her own "university".[4]
Taken from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ilana_Goor_Museum.

Tel Aviv: Suspended Orange Tree
See https://www.atlasobscura.com/places/suspended-orange-tree.

Tel Chai
Established in 1907 by workers from the nearby Jewish town of Metulla, Tel Hai was attacked by an Arab militia in 1920. Eight people were killed in the attack, including Joseph Trumpledor, one of the few Jewish pioneers at the time to have any military experience. In retrospect this is often seen as the very first military confrontation of the Israeli-Arab conflict. Trumpledor's alleged last words were "No matter, it is good to die for our country" and for decades afterwards he was seen an Israeli military hero. Now the site has been restored as a museum about the early Jewish pioneers who lived here.
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Galilee_Panhandle.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tel_Hai.

Tel Faher
A Syrian military post between 1948-1967. In that period the Syrian army would shell Israeli agricultural settlements in the valley below as part of border disputes. The post was conquered by Israel in a bloody battle in 1967. It is now the site of a memorial, and you can explore the Syrian bunkers, which have a great view down to the fields of the kibbutzim.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tel_Faher.

Tel Hazor
Winter 8-16:00, summer 8-17:00, closing one hour earlier on Fridays and eve of holidays. The largest ancient ruin in modern Israel and an UNESCO World Heritage Site. When the Israelites first entered the Holy Land, this was the largest city in the land, and the book of Joshua describes them conquering it. Later on, King Solomon fortified Hatzor, and still later a sophisticated underground water supply system was built. You can see all these ruins, including the water system which you can climb down into. At the entrance of Kibbutz Ayelet HaShachar (just across the street from Tel Hatzor), there is a museum which holds some artifacts from the site, although the most important artifacts are kept in the Israel Museum in Jerusalem. ₪22/9 adult/child.
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Galilee_Panhandle.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tel_Hazor.

Tel-Aviv: Clock Tower
The Jaffa Clock Tower (Hebrew: מגדל השעון יפו, Migdal haShaon Yafo, Arabic: يافا برج الساعة, Turkish: Yafa Saat Kulesi) stands in the middle of the north end of Yefet Street in Jaffa, Tel Aviv. The tower, built of limestone, incorporates two clocks and a plaque commemorating the Israelis killed in the battle for the town in the 1948 Arab–Israeli War.[1]
It is one of seven clock towers built in Ottoman Palestine. The others are located in Safed, Acre, Nazareth (though that one is significantly smaller), Haifa, Nablus. Jerusalem also had a clock tower built during the Ottoman period, but the British Field Marshal Sir Edmund Allenby, demanded its destruction as he would not see such a clear Ottoman symbol resting on the city wall of Jerusalem, for which he had much emotions.
The construction was carried out by Baruch Papirmeister from Rishon LeZion, who studied architecture in Germany, hence the German style of the tower.
Taken from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaffa_Clock_Tower.

Tel-Aviv: Old Jaffa Habour
One of the oldest ports in the world, and formerly the biggest seaport in Israel. This is the reputed point where Jonah boarded a ship and was later swallowed by a big fish. Today the port and the area close to it have become a quaint, interesting renovated district. The port holds various shops, restaurants and events. See websites for Jaffa port and Old Jaffa.
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Tel_Aviv/Jaffa.

Tel-Aviv: Wishing Bridge
The myth says if you touch your zodiac sign and face the sea, your wish will come true.
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Tel_Aviv/Jaffa.

The holy ancient date palm

Tiberias: Zodiac Mosaic

Tigris
The Tigris (/ˈtaɪɡrɪs/ TY-griss; see below) is the eastern of the two great rivers that define Mesopotamia, the other being the Euphrates. The river flows from the Taurus Mountains in Turkey, through the Syrian and Arabian Deserts, and empties into the Persian Gulf.
The Tigris has long been an important transport route in a largely desert country. Shallow-draft vessels can go as far as Baghdad, but rafts are needed for transport upstream to Mosul.
The Tigris is heavily dammed in Iraq and Turkey to provide water for irrigating the arid and semi-desert regions bordering the river valley. Damming has also been important for averting floods in Iraq, to which the Tigris has historically been notoriously prone following April melting of snow in the Turkish mountains. Mosul Dam is the largest dam in Iraq.
Recent Turkish damming of the river has been the subject of some controversy, for both its environmental effects within Turkey and its potential to reduce the flow of water downstream.
Water from both rivers is used as a means of pressure during conflicts.
In Sumerian mythology, the Tigris was created by the god Enki, who filled the river with flowing water.[16]
In Hittite and Hurrian mythology, Aranzah (or Aranzahas in the Hittite nominative form) is the Hurrian name of the Tigris River, which was deified. He was the son of Kumarbi and the brother of Teshub and Tašmišu, one of the three gods spat out of Kumarbi's mouth onto Mount Kanzuras. Later he colluded with Anu and the Teshub to destroy Kumarbi (The Kumarbi Cycle).
The Tigris appears twice in the Old Testament. First, in the Book of Genesis, it is the third of the four rivers branching off the river issuing out of the Garden of Eden.[5] The second mention is in the Book of Daniel, wherein Daniel states he received one of his visions "when I was by that great river the Tigris".[17]
The Tigris River is also mentioned in Islam in Sahih Al-Bukhari and Muslim which described the river (Euphrates) will dry up near the end time to unveil a treasure of gold and has prohibited anybody to take the gold [18] The tomb of Imam Ahmad Bin Hanbal and Syed Abdul Razzaq Jilani is in Baghdad and the flow of Tigris restricts the number of visitors.[19]
Baháʼu'lláh, the founder of the Baháʼí Faith, also wrote The Hidden Words around 1858 while he walked along the banks of the Tigris river during his exile in Baghdad.
Taken from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tigris.

Timna National Park
Coming from th gravel path from our campsite north of the park and leaving through a non-official back-entrance north-east of the small Timna lake/pond, we happened to not pass the visitor center at the official park entrance and thus were not asked to pay an entry fee.
08:00 to 15:00 (F), 16:00 (winter), or 17:00 (summer). An archaeological site with antique cooper mines, bizarre sand stone formations, a rebuilt tabernacle, Egyptian engravings and the Solomon Pillars. Has some great spots, sights and hikes. ₪49.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timna_Valley.

Tomb of David and Paula Ben-Gurion
A small, green, beautiful park, at the edge of which are the tombs of the first Israeli prime minister and his wife. The graves are located just near the ridge of the Zin valley, offering a great view, so this can definitely be considered both a place of heritage for the Israelis and a genuine tourist attraction. Various trees and plants are grown in the park, and a large number of ibexes wander at its edges. Do not feed them, as it is unhealthy for this endangered species. Free entrance.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ben-Gurion_Tomb_National_Park.

Tomb of Prophet Moses
This Muslim monument to Moses is originally thought to have been built as a site to view the traditional burial spot of Moses on Mount Nebo from Jericho. However, according to local Palestinian Muslim folklore, it was later recounted that the site in Jericho was the actual resting place of Moses, whose remains were said to have been brought across the Jordan River from Mount Nebo by Salahaddin during the Crusades. The complex is open to the public and contains a coffin decorated in colourful carpets that is said to hold the remains of Moses. Local Bedouins call the rocks surrounding the complex Moses rocks (Arabic: احجار موسى, ihjar Mousa) and make them into protective amulets to sell to visitors.

Tor-Safa Cave
This is the largest cave in the western slopes of the Judaean Mountains, right next to the Al-Safa park, with small tunnels and bigger rooms afterwards.

Umm Qays
Archeological site with views over the Sea of Galilee and Golan Heights. A nature reserve with great hiking is nearby.
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Ajlun.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umm_Qais.

Ushaiqer: Heritage Village
Old clay city that is halfway mocked up for tourists, but halfway still crumbling like as nowbody touched it for centuries. We could just enter without any control/ticket and push our bikes through the narrow paths between the high clay buildings. It's also possible to enter them and climb up into the first or second floor. But no guarantee that the staircase will bear your weight!

Wadi Al Arbaeen
This wadi is really worth a visit to take a dip in fresh water pools. It still looks wild and untouched as it is less visited. It is 16 km away from the exit on the Hwy 17 (including an off-road drive of about 12 km).

Wadi al Mujib
Wadi Mujib (Arabic: وادي الموجب, Wadi el-Mujib), also known as Arnon Stream (Hebrew: נַחַל ארנון[1]), is a river in Jordan. The river empties into the Dead Sea circa 420 metres (1,380 ft) below sea level.[2] Today, Wadi Mujib is fed by seven tributaries. The western part of the river is the site of the Mujib Biosphere Reserve, popular for hikes & canyoning amid dramatic rock formations.
Taken from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wadi_Mujib.
Be sure to put the activity centre into any route planner, as Google maps will take you to the other end of the Wadi which is about 20 km away from the entrance.
Entrance is controlled by a private company, for the basic trail (with no guide) it costs 21 JD (as of Sep 2022) per person, and includes life jacket rental only. Water shoes are available to rent as are dry bags although the latter costs 10 JD (cash only) although you shouldn't count on them keeping your things dry. As of Sep 2022, there are no lockers or other storage facility's available.
The number of people allowed in is limited so depending on the time for the day, you may have to wait to buy your ticket. This can take over an hour, so most recommend going early.
The main trail is usually only open for 3 months a year depending on water levels, so might be useful to call ahead.
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Wadi_Mujib.

Wadi al Shab
One of the most beautiful – and popular – wadis easily accessible from Muscat, with water year-round. The entrance is underneath the Highway 17 overpass, with ample parking and toilet facilities available. The path begins on the opposite side of the waterway, and local boatmen charge RO 1 to ferry visitors across (return trip). The partly concreted path winds past a falaj (irrigation) system, palm plantations and villages, and steep rock faces. Eventually the concrete disappears and it is necessary to do some scrambling before emerging to a series of inviting water pools. A hidden cavern can be visited by swimming through the pools, accessible only by swimming underwater for 1-2 metres. Plan on three hours for the round trip.
Occasionally after winter rains the pathway will be washed out in sections and therefore trickier to follow. Also, it is strongly advised to wear modest swimwear (and do not change into it in the open!) While Omanis may be too polite to say anything to visitors who ignore this simple courtesy, they find it deeply offensive.

Wadi an Nakhur/Wadi Ghul
Wadi an Nakhur is the deepest canyon in the Middle East, and according to some is the world's second-deepest canyon after the Grand Canyon in Arizona. It is sometimes also referred to as Wadi Ghul, although technically Wadi Ghul marks the canyon's mouth, and Wadi an Nakhur is the proper name for the canyon at its widest point.
The canyon is accessed from the road ascending Jebel Shams and turning right near the village of modern Ghul. The trailhead for trekking path W6a begins by the abandoned village of old Ghul. The road then passes by the village of Al Hajir, after which point the pavement ends. Here it quickly degrades into a rough track requiring 4WD, but persistence is rewarded with spectacular views of the 1000 m-high cliff faces. After 7 km the road ends at the village of An Nakhur.

Wadi Daliyot Reserve
This picturesque valley and trail leads into the Gamla Nature Reserve and requires the payment of the same fee. However, walking from the highway to the Gamla site, there are no fee collection points and you are supposed to pay at Gamla, which you can circumvent by just walking back before reaching Gamla. This can be a good alternative to Gamla, in case you want to save the steep entrance fee. Part of Gamla fee.

Wadi Damm
Quite nice and rather quiet Wadi with natural pools for swimming.
However, you have to park the bicycle about 300 m west from the pools and walk the rest.

Wadi Qelt
Wadi Qelt (Arabic: وادي القلط‎; Qelt is also spelled Qilt and Kelt, sometimes with the Arabic article, el- or al-), in Hebrew Nahal Prat (Hebrew: נחל פרת), formerly Naḥal Faran (Pharan brook), is a valley, riverine gulch or stream (Arabic: وادي‎ wādī, "wadi"; Hebrew: נחל‎, "nahal") in the West Bank, originating near Jerusalem and running into the Jordan River near Jericho, shortly before it flows into the Dead Sea.
The wadi attracts with a number of natural, biblical, and archaeological highlights: a well preserved natural environment with a rich wild bird population.
Taken from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wadi_Qelt.

Wadi Rum
Wadi Rum is a spectacularly scenic desert valley (wadi in Arabic) in southern Jordan. It is also known as "Valley of the Moon" and inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage List.
This area of Jordan is quite isolated and largely inhospitable to settled life. The only permanent inhabitants are several thousand Bedouin nomads and villagers. There is no real infrastructure, leaving the area quite unspoilt. Apart from the Bedouin goat hair tents, the only structures are a few concrete shops and houses and the fort headquarters of the Desert Patrol Corps.
Wadi Rum is less a sandy desert but more a mountain desert. Very good pictures can also be taken from the area north of the Turkish rail track parallel to the road from the Aqaba highway to Wadi Rum. The best time to visit is Spring or Autumn, to avoid the cold winter nights and hot summer days. Photography is most dramatic in Wadi Rum when it is a little clouded, so you can experience the beautiful game of light and shadow in the desert.
T E Lawrence (of Arabia) spent a significant amount of time here during the course of the British-inspired Arab Revolt against the Ottoman Empire during the First World War (1914–1918). Fans of the 1962 film Lawrence of Arabia will be familiar with the landscape, which is not so much sand dunes as it is a mass of soaring cliffs and sandstone and granite mountains (jebel in Arabic).
Wadi Rum has also been used for more recent films, such as 2009's Transformers 2: Revenge of the Fallen, where it stood in for part of Egypt. The distinctive reddish-orange sands that lend the area an otherworldly quality has brought the science-fiction films The Last Days on Mars and The Martian here to replicate the Red Planet on Earth, and the producers of the 2021 adapation of Frank Herbert's Dune to use as the desert planet Arrakis. The BBC documentary The Face follows two British climbers who pioneered routes in the canyons.
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Wadi_Rum.
For more see there and at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wadi_Rum.

Wadi Rum: Burdah Rock Bridge
The highest rock arch in the Protected Area at 80 m, it can be seen at a distance from the valley below or a multi hour walk to see it up close and walk across the 'bridge'.
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Wadi_Rum.

Wadi Rum: Khazali Canyon
Arguably Wadi Rums best stand alone site, this narrow canyon contains numerous ancient inscriptions and petroglyphs—rock carvings of animals and humans.
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Wadi_Rum.

Wadi Rum: Lawrence's Spring
2 km south-west of the village of Rum. The spring is at the top of a short scramble—head for the fig tree! Although the pool itself is largely unprepossessing, being a stagnant puddle, the views across the desert are truly spectacular.

Wadi Rum: Little Rock Bridge
Small rock arch that is the most accessible and easy to ascend within the Protected Area.

Wadi Rum: Mushroom Rock
Standalone rock that has eroded at its base to form a Mushroom like shape.

Wadi Rum: Nabatean Temple, Villa and Bathhouse
Small ruins of ancient Nabataean buildings.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nabataeans.

Wadi Rum: Anfashieh Inscriptions
Not far from the red Sand Dune area this mountain has depictions of a camel caravan from the Nabatean and Thaumadic period.

Wadi Tanuf
At the mouth of the wadi are the photogenic ruins of Old Tanuf, which was bombed extensively by the British Royal Air Force during the Jebel Rebellion of 1954-1955. A 4WD track proceeds up the wadi past a recharge dam to the trailheads for W19 and W19a (not waymarked), two excellent hikes through and above neighboring Wadi Qashah.
We were hoping for a bath like in Wadi Damm, but we only found a dry reservoir. Not nice, not recommended to go here, but of course, it might get better further up into the dead-end road.

Wadi Tiwi
The village of Tiwi marks the starting point of a challenging off-road drive. The beginning of the road is paved, but shortly after passing the village of Harat Bidah degrades to a dirt track before terminating at the village of Mibam.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wadi_Tiwi.

Wahiba/Sharqiya Sands
Wahiba Sands is a vast sand dune filled desert just south of Sur in Central Coastal Oman.
A desert with sand dunes, up to 100 metres high and 170 km long, stretching south. There are several camps in Wahiba Sands where it is possible to camp and experience the desert, do some camel riding, dune bashing and relaxation. Seeing the sun setting in Wahiba Sands is truly wonderful!
Taken from https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Wahiba_Sands.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sharqiya_Sands.

White Sand Beach
Great for snorkeling; no facilities.

Yad Kennedy
"And to them will I give in my house and within my walls a memorial and a name." - Isaiah 56:5. This 18-m (60-ft) Israeli memorial to John F. Kennedy on a hill overlooking Jerusalem is shaped to resemble a stump of a felled tree, representing a life cut short.
For more see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yad_Kennedy.